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The precipitation of hematite from ferric chloride media at temperatures Ͻ100 ЊC and at ambient pressure was studied as part of a program to recover a marketable iron product from metallurgical processing streams or effluents. Hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ) can be formed in preference to ferric oxyhydroxides (e.g., ␤-FeOиOH) at temperatures as low as 60 ЊC by controlling the precipitation conditions, especially seeding. The hematite product typically contains Ͼ66 pct Fe and Ͻ1 pct Cl, and its composition does not change appreciably on repeated recycling. The amount of product formed increases significantly with increasing FeCl 3 concentrations to ϳ0.2 M FeCl 3 , but nearly constant product yields are obtained thereafter; the precipitates consist only of hematite, provided that an adequate amount of seed is present. The contamination with Zn, Ca, and Na is Ͻ0.1 pct, even for high concentrations of dissolved ZnCl 2 , CaCl 2 , or NaCl. The extent of the precipitation reaction depends principally on the temperature and the free-acid concentration; accordingly, the controlled addition of a base allows the nearly complete elimination of the iron from metallurgical processing streams or effluents, as readily filterable Fe 2 O 3 .