Review on Pharmacological Activity of Amygdalin

Qadir, Muhammad Imran; Fatima, Kiran

doi:10.21767/2254-6081.100160

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…After oral administration, amygdalin produces more toxic hydrocyanic acid in the organism. In rats, the fatal dose (LD 50 ) of oral administration of amygdalin is 880 mg kg −1 body weight [ 43 ]. The human lethal dose for intravenous injection is 5 g. Humans can present systemic toxicity after oral administration of amygdalin, 4 g per day for half a month or intravenous injection for a month.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Amygdalin in Various Matrices Using Electrospray Ionization and Flowing Atmospheric-Pressure Afterglow Mass Spectrometry

2020

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Amygdalin is a natural cyanogenic compound that plants produce in the fight against insects and herbivores. Excessive amounts of amygdalin by animals and humans can potentially lead to fatal intoxication. However, studies confirm that amygdalin has antitumor properties, including the ability to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and to induce their apoptosis. The analysis of amygdalin in various matrices is an important analytical problem today. The publication presents the methodology of direct determination of amygdalin in water, sewage, and biological materials using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and a new analytical method using flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow mass spectrometry (FAPA-MS). The methods of analyte pre-concentration using a magnetic, molecularly imprinted polymer (mag-MIP) and the influence of interferents on the recorded spectra were discussed. Analytical parameters in ESI-MS and FAPA-MS methods were established. The linearity range was 4.5 µg L−1–45 mg L−1 in positive mode ESI-MS and FAPA-MS. The limit of detection (LOD) for ESI-MS was 0.101 ± 0.003 µg L−1 and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.303 ± 0.009 µg L−1. In FAPA-MS, the LOD was 0.050 ± 0.002 µg L−1 and the LOQ was 0.150 ± 0.006 µg L−1. The content of amygdalin in various matrices was determined.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Amygdalin in Various Matrices Using Electrospray Ionization and Flowing Atmospheric-Pressure Afterglow Mass Spectrometry

2020

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“…Excessive consumption of seeds may have a negative effect on the body, causing a number of adverse reactions of the following types: diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and in extreme cases may lead to death ( Table 3 ). Human lethal dose of intravenous injection of amygdalin is 5 g [ 28 ]. No data are available for other fruits of Poland’s climate zone.…”

Section: Amygdalin As a Member Of Cyanogenic Glycosides—their Sources Toxicity And Anticancer Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Amygdalin: Toxicity, Anticancer Activity and Analytical Procedures for Its Determination in Plant Seeds

et al. 2021

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Amygdalin (d-Mandelonitrile 6-O-β-d-glucosido-β-d-glucoside) is a natural cyanogenic glycoside occurring in the seeds of some edible plants, such as bitter almonds and peaches. It is a medically interesting but controversial compound as it has anticancer activity on one hand and can be toxic via enzymatic degradation and production of hydrogen cyanide on the other hand. Despite numerous contributions on cancer cell lines, the clinical evidence for the anticancer activity of amygdalin is not fully confirmed. Moreover, high dose exposures to amygdalin can produce cyanide toxicity. The aim of this review is to present the current state of knowledge on the sources, toxicity and anticancer properties of amygdalin, and analytical methods for its determination in plant seeds.

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“…Laetrile is degraded to gentiobiose and Lmandelonitrile. Gentiobiose is further hydrolysed to glucose while L-mandelonitrile into hydrogen cyanide and benzaldehyde (13). The chemical structure of laetrile is D-mandelonitrile-β-D-glucoside-6-β-glucoside (Figure 1).…”

Section: Chemistry Of Laetrilementioning

confidence: 99%

Amygdalin laetrile-a nascent vitamin B17: a review

et al. 2021

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Amygdalin is also called Vitamin B17 and its semi synthetic product is laetrile. It is a natural glycoside nutrient which gained popularity due to wide availability and low cost in treating various diseases. Vitamin B17 is derived from natural food sources and can be used for cancer prevention in alternative medicine practices. This review illustrates the proposed anticancer activity and other effects of amygdalin on different body systems along with a variety of clinical trials on humans and animals with pharmacological, toxicological effects and provides a perspective for further investigation and research.

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Review on Pharmacological Activity of Amygdalin

Cited by 32 publications

References 12 publications

Analysis of Amygdalin in Various Matrices Using Electrospray Ionization and Flowing Atmospheric-Pressure Afterglow Mass Spectrometry

Analysis of Amygdalin in Various Matrices Using Electrospray Ionization and Flowing Atmospheric-Pressure Afterglow Mass Spectrometry

Amygdalin: Toxicity, Anticancer Activity and Analytical Procedures for Its Determination in Plant Seeds

Amygdalin laetrile-a nascent vitamin B17: a review

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