Review on Nanocrystalline Cellulose in Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

Murizan, Nur Ilyana Sahira; Mustafa, Nur Syahirah; Ngadiman, Nor Hasrul Akhmal; Yusof, Noordin Mohd; Idris, Ani

doi:10.3390/polym12122818

Cited by 45 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Cellulose-based materials have been shown to have great biomedical potential in the construction of ECM-mimicking scaffolds owing to their intrinsic characteristics, such as biocompatibility, lack of cytotoxicity, tunable 3D architecture and porous microstructures, and desired mechanical properties, although in vivo degradability still remains under discussion due to lack of the relevant enzyme in the human body [ 48 , 62 , 115 , 126 ]. In particular, the use of cellulose nanoparticles to improve the performance of other polymers used as scaffolds is another topic of interest for the researchers.…”

Section: Nanocellulose-based Materials In Pharmaceutical/medical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced Functional Materials Based on Nanocellulose for Pharmaceutical/Medical Applications

Nicu¹,

Ciolacu

Ciolacu³

2021

Pharmaceutics

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Nanocelluloses (NCs), with their remarkable characteristics, have proven to be one of the most promising “green” materials of our times and have received special attention from researchers in nanomaterials. A diversity of new functional materials with a wide range of biomedical applications has been designed based on the most desirable properties of NCs, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and their special physicochemical properties. In this context and under the pressure of rapid development of this field, it is imperative to synthesize the successes and the new requirements in a comprehensive review. The first part of this work provides a brief review of the characteristics of the NCs (cellulose nanocrystals—CNC, cellulose nanofibrils—CNF, and bacterial nanocellulose—BNC), as well as of the main functional materials based on NCs (hydrogels, nanogels, and nanocomposites). The second part presents an extensive review of research over the past five years on promising pharmaceutical and medical applications of nanocellulose-based materials, which have been discussed in three important areas: drug-delivery systems, materials for wound-healing applications, as well as tissue engineering. Finally, an in-depth assessment of the in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity of NCs-based materials, as well as the challenges related to their biodegradability, is performed.

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Section: Nanocellulose-based Materials In Pharmaceutical/medical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a scaffold in bone tissue engineering, crystalline nanocellulose is used either as biomaterials with enhanced mechanical and biocompatibility properties or as reinforcing agents and nanofillers for other synthetic or natural polymers [ 126 ].…”

Section: Nanocellulose-based Materials In Pharmaceutical/medical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Functional Materials Based on Nanocellulose for Pharmaceutical/Medical Applications

Nicu¹,

Ciolacu

Ciolacu³

2021

Pharmaceutics

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“…Literature survey shows that there exist few reviews on using different forms of nanocellulose for their tissue engineering and other biomedical applications. For example, a couple of reviews specifically discusses the tissue engineering applications of BC (Torgbo and Sukyai, 2018) and CNCs (Murizan et al, 2020), while others overview the use of different forms of nanocellulose for bone tissue engineering along with other biomedical applications (Bacakova et al, 2019;Luo et al, 2019;Pang et al, 2020;Subhedar et al, 2021). However, there is no comprehensive review discussing not only the tissue engineering applications but also the role of nanocellulose as a matrix for nanoparticles and drugs for treating osteosarcomas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective Applications and Associated Challenges of Using Nanocellulose in Treating Bone-Related Diseases

Khan

Siddique

Huanfei

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Bone serves to maintain the shape of the human body due to its hard and solid nature. A loss or weakening of bone tissues, such as in case of traumatic injury, diseases (e.g., osteosarcoma), or old age, adversely affects the individual’s quality of life. Although bone has the innate ability to remodel and regenerate in case of small damage or a crack, a loss of a large volume of bone in case of a traumatic injury requires the restoration of bone function by adopting different biophysical approaches and chemotherapies as well as a surgical reconstruction. Compared to the biophysical and chemotherapeutic approaches, which may cause complications and bear side effects, the surgical reconstruction involves the implantation of external materials such as ceramics, metals, and different other materials as bone substitutes. Compared to the synthetic substitutes, the use of biomaterials could be an ideal choice for bone regeneration owing to their renewability, non-toxicity, and non-immunogenicity. Among the different types of biomaterials, nanocellulose-based materials are receiving tremendous attention in the medical field during recent years, which are used for scaffolding as well as regeneration. Nanocellulose not only serves as the matrix for the deposition of bioceramics, metallic nanoparticles, polymers, and different other materials to develop bone substitutes but also serves as the drug carrier for treating osteosarcomas. This review describes the natural sources and production of nanocellulose and discusses its important properties to justify its suitability in developing scaffolds for bone and cartilage regeneration and serve as the matrix for reinforcement of different materials and as a drug carrier for treating osteosarcomas. It discusses the potential health risks, immunogenicity, and biodegradation of nanocellulose in the human body.

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“…Not only offering help in understanding the structure and function of tissue of a human being, but it is also helping the researchers to understand the necessity of developing an engineered tissue. An engineered tissue can help in restoring, maintaining, repairing and improving the damaged tissue’s condition, which is caused by numerous diseases such as disabilities and injuries [ 2 ]. Zhang et al stated in their paper that the current implementation of tissue engineering had faced many issues, including ethical and technical issues [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Computational Method in Designing a Unit Cell of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold: A Review

et al. 2021

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The design of a scaffold of bone tissue engineering plays an important role in ensuring cell viability and cell growth. Therefore, it is a necessity to produce an ideal scaffold by predicting and simulating the properties of the scaffold. Hence, the computational method should be adopted since it has a huge potential to be used in the implementation of the scaffold of bone tissue engineering. To explore the field of computational method in the area of bone tissue engineering, this paper provides an overview of the usage of a computational method in designing a unit cell of bone tissue engineering scaffold. In order to design a unit cell of the scaffold, we discussed two categories of unit cells that can be used to design a feasible scaffold, which are non-parametric and parametric designs. These designs were later described and being categorised into multiple types according to their characteristics, such as circular structures and Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) structures. The advantages and disadvantages of these designs were discussed. Moreover, this paper also represents some software that was used in simulating and designing the bone tissue scaffold. The challenges and future work recommendations had also been included in this paper.

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Review on Nanocrystalline Cellulose in Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

Cited by 45 publications

References 87 publications

Advanced Functional Materials Based on Nanocellulose for Pharmaceutical/Medical Applications

Advanced Functional Materials Based on Nanocellulose for Pharmaceutical/Medical Applications

Perspective Applications and Associated Challenges of Using Nanocellulose in Treating Bone-Related Diseases

Application of Computational Method in Designing a Unit Cell of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold: A Review

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