Review on Health Management System for Lithium-Ion Batteries of Electric Vehicles

Abstract

The battery is the most ideal power source of the twenty-first century, and has a bright future in many applications, such as portable consumer electronics, electric vehicles (EVs), military and aerospace systems, and power storage for renewable energy sources, because of its many advantages that make it the most promising technology. EVs are viewed as one of the novel solutions to land transport systems, as they reduce overdependence on fossil energy. With the current growth of EVs, it calls for innovative ways of supplementing EVs power, as overdependence on electric power may add to expensive loads on the power grid. However lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for EVs have high capacity, and large serial/parallel numbers, when coupled with problems like safety, durability, uniformity, and cost imposes limitations on the wide application of lithium-ion batteries in EVs. These LIBs face a major challenge of battery life, which research has shown can be extended by cell balancing. The common areas under which these batteries operate with safety and reliability require the effective control and management of battery health systems. A great deal of research is being carried out to see that this technology does not lead to failure in the applications, as its failure may lead to catastrophes or lessen performance. This paper, through an analytical review of the literature, gives a brief introduction to battery management system (BMS), opportunities, and challenges, and provides a future research agenda on battery health management. With issues raised in this review paper, further exploration is essential.

Limitations and Characterization of Energy Storage Devices for Harvesting Applications

“…In addition, the charging method also affects Li-ion battery performance; for instance, in [34] an advanced charging strategy was proposed for obtaining an optimal constant current constant voltage (CCCV) charging current profile, obtained by optimizing a triple-objective function, namely charging time, energy loss, and temperature increase. In this context, prognostic methods have been developed to determine the health status of the Li-ion battery applied to electric vehicles (EV), and thus maximizing the battery's cycle life and charging/discharging efficiency [35]. In [36], the authors carried out a detailed study for highlighting the difference in life cycles relatively to the main materials employed in lithium batteries realization for automotive applications and identifying the knowledge gaps.…”

Applications of Power Electronics

“…For induction motors, an automatic fault diagnosis system under a transient situation is developed in [15] and a fault-tolerant control strategy for five-phase induction motors under four and three-phase operation is addressed in [16]. Lastly, in [17], a review is provided on a health management system for lithium-ion batteries with a specific focus on electric vehicle applications.…”

Electromagnetic Susceptibility of Battery Management Systems’ ICs for Electric Vehicles: Experimental Study

“…Critical safety EMI-induced failures could be also a major threat to the safety in emerging electric and hybrid electric (EV/HEV) vehicles powered by batteries [7]. A battery management system (BMS) IC manages the state of charge of the battery pack, protecting it from operating outside its safe operating conditions [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Electromagnetic interference can be easily picked up by the long wires that connect BMS front-end ICs to each other, to the BMS control unit, to the terminals of the electrochemical cells and to the temperature sensors, which are spatially distributed over the whole battery pack module [14], and can easily impair the operation of data acquisition circuits [15][16][17][18].…”