Review of the mechanism of cell death resulting from streptozotocin challenge in experimental animals, its practical use and potential risk to humans

Eleazu, Chinedum; Eleazu, Kate; Chukwuma, Sonia; Essien, Udeme Nelson

doi:10.1186/2251-6581-12-60

Cited by 361 publications

(316 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, STZ is also known to be toxic to the liver as the liver expresses glucose 2 transporter (Eleazu et al, 2013b). Any one or a combination of these two factors could have accounted for the liver growth demonstrated by the diabetic control in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Dietary intake of boiled breadfruit (Treculia africana) seeds did not improve hyperglycemia in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats: Effect on the oral glucose tolerance of normoglycemic rats

Eleazu

Ezekwibe

Egbe

et al. 2017

Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment

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Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem that is causing problems for humans around the world and becoming increasingly prevalent at an alarming rate (Aloulou et al., 2012), including amongst the rural Nigerian population. The inability of modern treatments to control all the pathophysiological aspects of diabetes, as well as the enormous cost it imposes on the economy of the developing nations of the world, ABSTRACTBackground. Although African breadfruit (Treculia africana) is said to be useful in the dietary management of diabetes, the effect of cooking on its glycemic index has not been reported. Hence this study has investigated the effect of a dietary intake of boiled breadfruit on the serum glucose, glucose tolerance, body weights and relative organ weights of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Materials and methods. Twenty albino rats were used and were divided into four groups of five rats. Groups 1 (normal control) and 2 (diabetic control) received standard rat pellets while groups 3 (diabetic-test group) and 4 (non-diabetic) rats received breadfruit. Results. The blood glucose of the normoglycemic rats fed standard rat feeds peaked at 30 min (149.75 ±11.12 mg/dl) following oral glucose loading (3 g/kg) but reduced to 85.25 ±21.05 mg/dl after another 90 min, while the blood glucose of the normoglycemic rats fed breadfruit peaked at 30 min (146.25 ±15.22 mg/dl) following oral glucose loading, but elevated (130.75 ±36.69 mg/dl) after another 90 min. There was significant elevation (P < 0.05) of the serum glucose, relative liver weight (RLW) and relative kidney weight (RKW) but a significant decrease in the body weights of the diabetic control compared with the normal control; no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the serum glucose, body weights, RLW and RKW of the test group compared with the diabetic control, and no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the serum glucose, body weights, RLW and RKW of the normal rats fed the breadfruit diet compared to the normal control. Conclusion. The study showed that the traditional method of cooking African breadfruit negatively affects its hypoglycemic property.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Dietary intake of boiled breadfruit (Treculia africana) seeds did not improve hyperglycemia in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats: Effect on the oral glucose tolerance of normoglycemic rats

Eleazu

Ezekwibe

Egbe

et al. 2017

Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment

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“…Conversely, the blood glucose level in DM + HPE group was significantly lower (p<0.05) compared to DM group (Figure 2). STZ-induced diabetes is a well-established diabetic rat model, where the mechanism involves DNA fragmentation, nitric oxide (NO) and free radicals production which then lead to pancreatic β cells damage followed by reduction in insulin secretion (Eleazu et al, 2013). In diabetes, reduced body weight is due to loss of proteins and lipid as a result of proteolysis and lipolysis (Hebert & Nair, 2010).…”

Section: Effects Of Hpe On Body Weight and Blood Glucosementioning

confidence: 99%

Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. improves the aortic damage in diabetic rats by acting as antioxidant

Zainalabidin¹,

Budin²,

Anuar³

et al. 2018

J App Pharm Sci

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Chronic hyperglycaemia produces excessive free radicals which could lead to diabetic complications. Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. is proven to have high antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic properties. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of H. sabdariffa polyphenol-rich extract (HPE) in the aorta of diabetic rats. Twenty-four male rats were randomly divided into three groups, i.e. non-diabetes mellitus (NDM), diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetes mellitus with HPE (DM + HPE). HPE at 100 mg/kg or saline as control vehicle were administered daily through oral gavage for 28 days prior to sacrification and the aorta was isolated for further analysis. The glucose level in DM + HPE was significantly lower compared to DM, indicating its potential as an antidiabetic agent. Conversely, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the level of glutathione (GSH) in DM + HPE were significantly higher than DM. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl were significantly lower in DM + HPE than DM. Lipid profile analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-C in DM + HPE compared to DM, however, HDL-C was significantly increased. Microscopic observation showed a disrupted morphology of the thoracic aorta in diabetic rats. HPE may exert protective effects by acting as an antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant agent to the thoracic aorta in diabetic rats.

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“…The use of STZ in another study was followed by degenerative changes in proximal tubules that were partially consistent with our findings (36). It has been shown that STZ produces free radicals, which can cause damage to the kidney tissue along with diabetes (37). Also, the extract alone induced pathological changes in the kidney that was probably due to toxins as well as the excessive duration of the treatment period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controversial effects of Calendula officinalis L. on Biochemical and Pathological Factors of Nephropathy in Diabetic Wistar Rats

Salehi¹,

Moradkhani²,

Roushandeh³

et al. 2015

Avicenna J Med Biochem

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Background: Chronic hyperglycemia leads to microvascular and macrovascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy. Medicinal plants are good sources for finding new therapeutic chemicals to improve diabetes and relieve its symptoms. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract (300 mg/kg) of Calendula officinalis (marigold) on blood biochemical profiles and histopathological changes in kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were divided to four groups: Normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), normal C. officinalis (N+CO) 300 mg/kg, and diabetic C. officinalis (D+CO) 300 mg/kg. The rats were treated for a period of 13 weeks. Diabetes was induced by Streptozocin injection, intraperitoneally. Level of glucose, urea, creatinine and also total anti-oxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, total oxidant status in serum and histological alterations in the kidney were analyzed. Results: Level of serum glucose, urea, creatinine, malondialdehyde and total oxidant status were increased in diabetic rats, whereas, total anti-oxidant capacity was decreased compared to the control animals. Also, histological findings confirmed the absence of integrity in glomerulus and mass infiltration in kidney tissue in diabetic rats compared to the normal controls. Calendula officinalis extract had no effect on blood glucose, but it decreased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, total oxidant status and malondialdehyde while it increased total anti-oxidant capacity in the diabetic extract-treated group when compared to diabetic rats. Calendula officinalis could not prevent nephropathy changes in the diabetic rats. Conclusions: Therefore, our results suggest that although administration of 300 mg/kg of Calendula officinalis extract showed salutary effects on anti-oxidant profile, yet its protective effects on anti-diabetic and regenerative properties on nephropathy were ambiguous and require more investigations.

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Review of the mechanism of cell death resulting from streptozotocin challenge in experimental animals, its practical use and potential risk to humans

Cited by 361 publications

References 49 publications

Dietary intake of boiled breadfruit (Treculia africana) seeds did not improve hyperglycemia in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats: Effect on the oral glucose tolerance of normoglycemic rats

Dietary intake of boiled breadfruit (Treculia africana) seeds did not improve hyperglycemia in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats: Effect on the oral glucose tolerance of normoglycemic rats

Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. improves the aortic damage in diabetic rats by acting as antioxidant

Controversial effects of Calendula officinalis L. on Biochemical and Pathological Factors of Nephropathy in Diabetic Wistar Rats

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