Review of the Long-Term Outcomes of Guided Bone Regeneration and Autologous Bone Block Augmentation for Vertical Dental Restoration of Dental Implants

Abstract

Vertical bone resorption is a frequent consequence of tooth loss. Hence, implant-supported restorations imply, first of all, bone reconstruction. We aimed to review the current status of guided bone regeneration and autologous bone block augmentation for vertical dental restoration of dental implants. This review identified that between 2009 and 2022 there were few clinical studies that included more than 10 patients and a follow-up period of more than 5 years after bone restoration. The highest vertical bone gain was reported in the autologous bone grafting technique (4–7.6 mm), whereas the minimum augmentation was reported for one of the guided bone regeneration techniques. When comparing intraoral to extraoral bone blocks, the highest values for the mean vertical bone gains were obtained in the cases in which intraoral bone blocks were used as graft material. The highest rate of bone resorption was observed in the extraoral bone block group. Implant survival rate was not significantly influenced by surgical technique. Complications had a higher incidence in autologous bone block augmentation studies. Soft tissue recession showed similar results for guided bone regeneration as for autologous bone block augmentation. Vertical ridge augmentation is a predictable option for the reconstruction of alveolar ridges with severe atrophy, but complications can appear.

Evaluation of Guided Bone Regeneration Using Xenograft/APRF Mixture in Atrophic Posterior Mandible (Clinical and Radiographic Study)

“…The local anatomy and desired clinical outcome, the type of graft used, and the healing biology-all these factors drive the choice of a specific membrane. However, the main disadvantages faced using this technique are the anatomical limitations and the high resorption rate of the graft material (Drăgan, 2022) Vertical GBR is technique-sensitive and limits clinical success; failure is usually associated with wound dehiscence. The ability to develop bone along the axis of applied forces is another limitation (Rocchietta, Fontana, & Simion, 2008).…”

Ultraviolet Light Treatment of Titanium Microfiber Scaffolds Enhances Osteoblast Recruitment and Osteoconductivity in a Vertical Bone Augmentation Model: 3D UV Photofunctionalization

“…However, a major challenge to successful implant therapy is overcoming unfavorable host conditions including insufficient width and height of innate bone to receive an implant [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. To achieve this, the execution and outcome of vertical bone augmentation require significant improvement [32,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51].…”

3D-printed bredigite scaffolds with ordered arrangement structures promote bone regeneration by inducing macrophage polarization in onlay grafts

“…Sufficient bone quantity at the site of implant insertion is a crucial prerequisite to enhance the osseointegration and esthetic outcomes of dental implants. However, the alveolar ridge is often deficit due to bone loss, or trauma, infection, or severe periodontitis [ 1 , 2 ]. The use of autogenous bone grafts, which is also known as onlay bone grafting, is effective for the management of large-sized or severe alveolar bone defects [ 1 , 3 – 5 ].…”