Review of Synthesis of Spiro Heterocyclic Compounds from Isatin

Isatin derivatives in reactions with phosphorus(III–V) compounds

“…13 For example, isatin derivatives have shown promise as reactants in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition according to Huisgen, occurring at the carbonyl group at position 3 of the isatin moiety. 14,15 Besides that, isatin derivatives are used in the synthesis of dyes and analytical reagents. 16 The very rich chemistry of indole alkaloids includes examples of highly biologically active compounds, including some with antitumor activity.…”

Synthesis and biological activities of some new spiro 1,2,4-triazole derivatives having sulfonamide moiety

“…The IR spectra were measured as potassium bromide pellets using a Satellite 3000 Mid infrared spectrophotometer. The 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AM 300 MHz spectrometer at room temperature in DMSO-d 6 solution using tetramethylsilane (TMS) as internal reference. Chemical shifts were recorded as δ values in parts per millions (ppm) downfield from internal TMS.…”

“…Amidrazones synthesized from different hydrazonoyl halides were reported to react with α-haloesters in the presence of triethylamine as a base under reflux to afford 1,3,5-substituted 4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-6-ones 12 . Several studies, reported the formation and investigation of biological activities of some spiroheterocyclic compounds having triazole, tetrazine thiadiazole, thiadiazines, thiazolidinone and triazine moieties [13][14][15][16][17] . Recently, unknown dispiroheterocycles containing triazole and tetrazine moieties have been disclosed [14][15][16][17] .…”

Synthesis of spiro-fused heterocyclic scaffolds through multicomponent reactions involving isatin

“…For example, spirotetrahydro β-carboline is amenable to a single or low dose oral treatment for malaria, Isatin and its derivatives accomplish various reactions for the synthesis of organic compounds; Schiff bases of isatin are used for their pharmaceutical properties 17 and spirooxindoles have significant biological activities. 18,19 The chemistry of isatins was reviewed for the first time by Sumpter 20 and later updated by Popp 21 and da Silva et al 22 In recent years isatin-related review articles have been published on enantioselective reactions with isatin, [23][24][25] biochemical and pharmacological characterization of isatin and its derivatives, 26 isatins as privileged molecules in design and synthesis of spiro-fused cyclic frameworks, 27 recent progress on routes to spirooxindole systems derived from isatin, 28 synthesis of spiro 29 and multispiro 30 heterocyclic compounds from isatin, the use of water in the synthesis of isatin based spirocyclic compounds, 31 and synthesis of heterocyclic compounds based on isatin through 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. 32 Considering the importance of isatin as a building block in organic synthesis, and since there is a wide range of reactions that include isatin in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, this review gives an overview of the synthesis of different types of spiro-fused heterocyclic scaffolds through multicomponent reactions from the year 2012 to 2015 in which one of the starting materials is isatin.…”