Review of Safety and Exposure Limits of Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) in Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging (WEVC) Applications

Asa, Erdem; Mohammad, Mostak; Onar, Omer C.; Pries, Jason; Galigekere, Veda Prakash; Su, Gui-Jia

doi:10.1109/itec48692.2020.9161597

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Magnetic field depends on the resonant capacitor and number of turns added. Opposite field can't be controlled as active shielding method and needs more current in shield coil [134].…”

Section: Figure 22 Classification Of Emf Shieldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, must follow proper shielding to prevent exposure of radiation to the living bodies [294,295].There are limits set by international organizations, how much EMF radiation should absorbed by biological tissues. In [134], these guideless are analyzed and their limitations discussed. However, further research on radiation levels and shielding methodologies for high power and DWC applications should be carried out by considering several factors such as FOD, people with implanted medical device, accidental leakage exposure and varying speed of vehicle need to be investigated thoroughly.…”

Section: Health and Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Charging for Electric Vehicles–A Review

Bharatiraja²,

2021

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Considering a future scenario in which a driverless Electric Vehicle (EV) needs an automatic charging system without human intervention. In this regard, there is a requirement for a fully automatable, fast, safe, cost-effective, and reliable charging infrastructure that provides a profitable business model and fast adoption in the electrified transportation systems. These qualities can be comprehended through wireless charging systems. Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is a futuristic technology with the advantage of flexibility, convenience, safety, and the capability of becoming fully automated. In WPT methods resonant inductive wireless charging has to gain more attention compared to other wireless power transfer methods due to high efficiency and easy maintenance. This literature presents a review of the status of Resonant Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Charging technology also highlighting the present status and its future of the wireless EV market. First, the paper delivers a brief history throw lights on wireless charging methods, highlighting the pros and cons. Then, the paper aids a comparative review of different type's inductive pads, rails, and compensations technologies done so far. The static and dynamic charging techniques and their characteristics are also illustrated. The role and importance of power electronics and converter types used in various applications are discussed. The batteries and their management systems as well as various problems involved in WPT are also addressed. Different trades like cyber security economic effects, health and safety, foreign object detection, and the effect and impact on the distribution grid are explored. Prospects and challenges involved in wireless charging systems are also highlighting in this work. We believe that this work could help further the research and development of WPT systems..

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“…Magnetic field depends on the resonant capacitor and number of turns added. Opposite field can't be controlled as active shielding method and needs more current in shield coil [134].…”

Section: Figure 22 Classification Of Emf Shieldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Health and Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Charging for Electric Vehicles–A Review

Bharatiraja²,

2021

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“…The electromagnetic field (EMF) emission limitations mentioned in international guidelines and standards such as IEEE, ICNIRP, ACGIH, and SAE were examined and collated in a study by Asa et al [34]. The authors asserted that EMF emissions can be significant, especially at high-power transfer levels and misalignment circumstances, and should be kept within the ICNIRP 2010 recommendations, which are more conservative and considered safer.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bibliometric Survey of Research Output on Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles

Gbey¹,

Turkson

Lee³

2022

WEVJ

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Wireless charging modules for electric vehicles are being increasingly studied. Previous research has focused on developing more effective wireless-charging modules for electric vehicles in order to pave the way for a more sustainable urban transportation. The objectives of the study were to identify the social structure of the field by mapping of research collaborations among authors and countries, measure the influence of authors and sources, identify the interactions between different researchers and the most influential authors, sources, documents and organizations. To achieve these objectives, a bibliometric search in the SCOPUS database was conducted using a combination of keywords and Boolean operators. The initial keyword search returned 2163 documents. The documents retrieved were manually filtered for further analysis. A scientometric analysis was carried out on the remaining 1367 documents using co-authorship, co-citation, and citation analyses for a number of measurement units. The results showed that “object detection” and “shielding effectiveness” were the most current research topics. Authors who were widely cited did not generally produce a large number of papers or collaborate with other authors. Authors from China, the United States, and the United Kingdom have all co-authored published works on the topic, indicating that they have all contributed considerably to the field’s achievements. This strongly highlighted the amount of funding localized in developed countries towards such technologies. The number of international co-authored studies conducted was low. This is most significant with no research conducted in this field in the less developed world. The most cited and influential scholars were G. A. Covic, J. T. Boys, and C. C. Mi. The most influential sources were IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics and IEEE Trans. on Induction Electronics, while the most productive sources were Energies and IEEE Access. The most influential documents were those by Covic G.A. (2013a) and Covic G.A. (2013b). Finally, emerging trends in charging and energy storage in electric vehicles were also discussed.

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“…A recent review of reported magnetic fields distributions within or outside the vehicle at several distances and including misalignment conditions [22] suggested that in none of the investigations described in the quoted publications [23][24][25][26][27][28][29], the measured magnetic or electric fields during charging exceeded either the ICNIRP or IEEE exposure limits when proper shielding is involved.…”

Section: B Inductive Wpt Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of Wireless Power Transfer

Lin¹

2021

IEEE Access

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Wireless power transfer (WPT) systems are developed to provide electric power either directly or via battery-charging. The optimism on WPT technology is driven by the ubiquity of cellphones, laptops, and mobile communication devices. Aside from not having to plug in a cellphone or laptop, WPT battery charging offers the potential for mobile devices to get electrical power the same way they get data through harvesting ambient electromagnetic radiation. The dream is a truly wireless mobility scenario with tether-free electric power for cellphones, laptops, appliances, and transportation systems. Beyond wireless communication, the electromagnetic power required for large-scale commercial WPT implementation is substantial. A key facet of the system design and research should include consideration of health effects and safety of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation.

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Review of Safety and Exposure Limits of Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) in Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging (WEVC) Applications

Cited by 33 publications

References 43 publications

Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Charging for Electric Vehicles–A Review

Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Charging for Electric Vehicles–A Review

A Bibliometric Survey of Research Output on Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles

Safety of Wireless Power Transfer

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