Review of Russian language studies on radionuclide behaviour in agricultural animals: part 1. Gut absorption

Review of Russian language studies on radionuclide behaviour in agricultural animals: part 2. Transfer to milk

“…This mean value is similar to that of 4.8 Â 10 À4 d L À1 from an experimental study using a single administration approach by Johnson et al (1988). It also agrees with Harris (1962) who in an abstract reports an experiment where a single oral dose of 133 Ba was administered to one cow from which we have calculated an F m value of 6.8 Â 10 À4 d L À1 and also with Potter et al (1969) who reported an F m value of 2.8 Â 10 À4 d L À1 in a daily administration study using 140 Ba in fallout. A slightly larger range in values was reported by Squire et al (1958) in an experiment with a single dose to five cows, from which F m values with a mean of (1.0 AE 0.27) Â 10 À4 d L À1 and a range of 7.1 Â 10 À5 e 1.4 Â 10 À4 d L À1 can be derived.…”

“…A value of 4.5 Â 10 À4 d L À1 was reported by Johnson et al (1988) for 123m Te. Values were also reported for 132 Te in Chernobyl fallout of 4.2 Â 10 À4 d L À1 by Handl and Pfau (1987) from a controlled experiment feeding contaminated pasture grass lasting 8 days. Squire et al (1958) reported recovery of a single administration of 132 Te in the milk of five cows over 6 days from which we have calculated F m values ranging from 3.6 to 7.9 Â 10 À4 d L À1 .…”

Gastrointestinal fractional absorption of radionuclides in adult domestic ruminants

“…Ag, see Mayes et al, 1996). The influence of this on values reported for some of the radionuclides by Fesenko et al (2007a) is unknown (this comment also applies to some other values we have estimated from concurrent intravenous and oral administrations from the literature, e.g. see Discussion for Am below).…”

“…The studies reviewed by Fesenko et al (2007a) used a methodology analogous to the determination of the true absorption coefficient of dietary radionuclides as described by Mayes et al (1996). The experimental animals were divided into two groups; the first group of animals received radionuclides orally whilst the second group was given the same radionuclides intravenously.…”

Improving the quantity, quality and transparency of data used to derive radionuclide transfer parameters for animal products. 1. Goat milk

“…Beresford et al (2007a) and Ng et al (1982) both suggested that much of this difference was because transfer coefficients incorporate daily dry matter intake (DMI, in kg d -1 ) which increases with animal size. An alternative approach to quantifying transfer is to remove the dietary intake used in the estimation of Fm or Ff, and simply calculate the concentration ratio (CR) defined as the equilibrium ratio between the radionuclide activity concentration in the animal food product (Bq kg -1 fresh weight) divided by the radionuclide activity concentration in the feedstuff ingested (Bq kg -1 dry weight).…”