Review of Research on Template Methods in Preparation of Nanomaterials

Abstract

The nanomaterials have been widely used in various fields, such as photonics, catalysis, and adsorption, because of their unique physical and chemical properties. Therefore, their production methods are of utmost importance. Compared with traditional synthetic methods, the template method can effectively control the morphology, particle size, and structure during the preparation of nanomaterials, which is an effective method for their synthesis. The key for the template method is to choose different templates, which are divided into hard template and soft template according to their different structures. In this paper, the effects of different types of templates on the morphology of nanomaterials during their preparation are investigated from two aspects: hard template and soft template, combined with the mechanism of action.

Synthesis Strategies of Porous Carbon for Supercapacitor Applications

“…The carbon catalysts fabricated with SBA‐15 and MMT as templates presented SSAs about 387 and 134 m 2 g −1 with the pore‐size distribution centered at 3.5 and 4.5 nm. Porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) is a porous hard template that has been widely used for preparing porous carbons for nano‐functional devices 121. The porous carbons prepared using AAO templates have evenly distributed pores sizes in the range of 50–200 nm, which is too large for SC electrode application.…”

“…In a soft template synthesis strategy, the templates are usually organic molecules or supermolecules with functional groups 84,121. In the particular solvent, the functional groups of soft templates can provide strong interaction force, such as hydrogen bonding,137,138 hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions,139,140 or electrostatic interactions 141,142.…”

A Review on Iron Oxide‐Based Nanoarchitectures for Biomedical, Energy Storage, and Environmental Applications

“…In surfactant‐assisted method, the synthetic conditions can directly influence the interactions between organic and inorganic interfaces. For example, the interaction between organic and inorganic interfaces involves a weak hydrogen bonding under a strong acidic environment but involves a strong electrostatic force under a strong alkaline environment . In most cases, surfactant‐templated porous materials are obtained by solution‐phase route or evaporation induced self‐assembly (EISA) route .…”

2D and 3D Silica‐Template‐Derived MnO2 Electrocatalysts towards Enhanced Oxygen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction Activity

“…Generally, ordered silica materials have excellent properties such as wide range of surface area, variable pore structures, and excellent morphologies etc. Such materials have been proved as one of the best support for fabricating dimensionally controlled ordered porous materials ,. In this work, we intended to focus on the influence of support nature and its pore structure in MnO 2 materials and correlation of electrochemical bifunctional oxygen electrode activity in alkaline solution.…”