Review of Paediatrics In-Patient at Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: This retrospective study was undertaken to analyze the disease pattern in the Pediatric ward in a Medical College. After analyzing the data, our study would emphasize on the prevention and the management modality of the most prevalent diseases in the community. Methodology: This study was carried out retrospectively for one year from January 2008 - December 2008 on the basis of age and sex and the frequency of disease according to the system involved. Results: A total number of 453 patients were admitted during the study period. There were 267(59%) male and 186(41%) female children. Less than five years age group accounted for 180(39.7%) excluding the neonate. In the study period, respiratory tract infections were the commonest cause of admission in all age group 198(43.7%), gastrointestinal including diarrhoeal diseases were 112(24.7%), enteric fever comprised of 22(5%), and other disease comprised of about 143(31.5%) of the total admissions. CNS diseases comprised of 43(9%) of which 7(16%) were meningitis and meningoencephalitis, 26(60%) of the total CNS cases were due to febrile convulsion. Respiratory diseases were found to be the major cause of morbidity in children. Conclusion: Children under five years age being the most common age group amongst all, with infection being the most predominant cause of Pediatric morbidity, the WHO/UNICEF algorithm for Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) is specifically suited for the developing country like ours. Key words: Paediatric Inpatient; Morbidity; IMCI DOI: 10.3126/jnps.v31i1.3262J Nep Paedtr Soc 2010;31(1):25-29

Review of Paediatrics Inpatient at a Zonal Hospital

“…Less than fi ve years age patients admitted in the paediatric ward were 569(58%) of the total number of admissions which is comparable to a study done in Kathmandu Medical College 6 but is more than the number in a study done in Nepal Medical College 5 . The least number of admitted patients were the age of more than 12 years which is comparable to a study conducted in Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital Attarkhel Jorpati; Kathmandu 5 .…”

“…About 24 % stayed for four days and 25% stayed for fi ve days. Patients staying six days or more were only 152(15.5%) which is comparable to a study conducted in Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital Attarkhel Jorpati 5 . Patients with complication of pneumonia, meningitis, and nephritic syndrome and enteric fever were found to have longer duration of stay.…”

“…Acute Gastroenteritis comprised of 278 (28.5%). Few other studies 5,6,7,9,10,11,12 showed similar fi ndings with respiratory and diarrheal diseases on top of the morbidity list.…”

“…Tuberculosis comprised of 48 (4.9%) of the admitted cases that was comparatively more than in the studies done in Kathmandu Medical College Teaching hospital (KMCTH) 6 (2.4% of 489 patients), Dhulikhel Hospital (3.2% of 312 patients) 7 and Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital NMCTH (4.1% of 453 patients) 5 . These fi gures were statistically low in all four studies in our country as compared to the study done by Murray CJ 13 which vary between 15% in developing countries and below 5% in the United States and European Countries.…”

Evaluation of the Prescription Pattern of Antimicrobial Agents in Hospitalised Paediatric Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal

“…[4][5][6][7] Though the literature regarding the antimicrobials use in paediatric population in our setting is extensive, there is lack of regulations to monitor the antimicrobials prescription based on standard treatment guidelines. [8][9] Similarly, culture and sensitivity data to guide antimicrobial usage is also lacking in our part of the world. 10 There is need of studies to obtain information about prescribing habits so as to determine the various lacunae observed to improve prescribing in children.…”