Review of Microgravity Observations at Mt. Etna: A Powerful Tool to Monitor and Study Active Volcanoes

Carbone, Daniele; Greco, Filippo

doi:10.1007/s00024-007-0194-7

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Similar anomalies in the gravity signal were reported, for instance, by Branca et al [2003] and Carbone and Greco [2007], when describing a short-lived explosive event that marked the onset of the 2002 eruption on Etna. In that case, the observed gravity decrease (about À400 μGal) was interpreted as a magmatic intrusion occurring after the development of a fracture system located about 1 km from the gravity station.…”

Section: Gravity Variations During the Eruption Onset 10 To 13 Octobsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Many studies have confirmed the stability and accuracy of spring-type gravimeters when detecting gravity variations in active volcanic areas and the LaCoste and Romberg and Scintrex gravimeters are the most commonly used [Brown and Rymer, 1991;Budetta and Carbone, 1997;Berrino, 2000;Carbone and Greco, 2007]. In order to study the performances of the meter in terms of resolution, accuracy, noise level, and long-term stability the gPhone-054 used here was compared to the superconducting gravimeter SG-C026 at site J9 in Strasbourg (France) during 2008 [Riccardi et al, 2011].…”

Section: Methodology and Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volcanic signatures in time gravity variations during the volcanic unrest on El Hierro (Canary Islands)

et al. 2014

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Gravity changes occurring during the initial stage of the 2011-2012 El Hierro submarine eruption are interpreted in terms of the preeruptive signatures during the episode of unrest. Continuous gravity measurements were made at two sites on the island using the relative spring gravimeter LaCoste and Romberg gPhone-054. On 15 September 2011, an observed gravity decrease of 45 μGal, associated with the southward migration of seismic epicenters, is consistent with a lateral magma migration that occurred beneath the volcanic edifice, an apparently clear precursor of the eruption that took place 25 days later on 10 October 2011. High-frequency gravity signals also appeared on 6-11 October 2011, pointing to an occurring interaction between a magmatic intrusion and the ocean floor. These important gravity changes, with amplitudes varying from 10 to À90 μGal, during the first 3 days following the onset of the eruption are consistent with the northward migration of the eruptive focus along an active eruptive fissure. An apparent correlation of gravity variations with body tide vertical strain was also noted, which could indicate that concurrent tidal triggering occurred during the initial stage of the eruption.

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Section: Gravity Variations During the Eruption Onset 10 To 13 Octobsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodology and Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanic signatures in time gravity variations during the volcanic unrest on El Hierro (Canary Islands)

et al. 2014

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“…Meanwhile, Micro‐g LaCoste introduced the commercial Odin leveling platform, which uses the temperature controlled hydraulic legs to correct for tilts with a subarcsecond resolution (Scintrex Ltd, ). It is also possible to compensate tilts affecting LaCoste and Romberg instruments by applying a posteriori a correction computed from electronic levels data (Carbone & Greco, ).…”

Section: Measuring Gravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysics From Terrestrial Time‐Variable Gravity Measurements

Camp

Viron

Watlet

et al. 2017

Reviews of Geophysics

177

105

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In a context of global change and increasing anthropic pressure on the environment, monitoring the Earth system and its evolution has become one of the key missions of geosciences. Geodesy is the geoscience that measures the geometric shape of the Earth, its orientation in space, and gravity field. Time‐variable gravity, because of its high accuracy, can be used to build an enhanced picture and understanding of the changing Earth. Ground‐based gravimetry can determine the change in gravity related to the Earth rotation fluctuation, to celestial body and Earth attractions, to the mass in the direct vicinity of the instruments, and to vertical displacement of the instrument itself on the ground. In this paper, we review the geophysical questions that can be addressed by ground gravimeters used to monitor time‐variable gravity. This is done in relation to the instrumental characteristics, noise sources, and good practices. We also discuss the next challenges to be met by ground gravimetry, the place that terrestrial gravimetry should hold in the Earth observation system, and perspectives and recommendations about the future of ground gravity instrumentation.

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“…Continuous high-quality gravity measurements at volcanoes -in combination with geodetic ground deformation and seismic observations -may enable detection of subsurface mass redistribution long before other eruption precursors appear (Carbone and Poland, 2012;Carbone et al, , 2008Rymer and Locke, 1995). Etna in the framework of a scientific project managed by INGV; for a comprehensive review of Etna gravity, see Carbone and Greco (2007). For this reason, several groups in Europe, Mexico, and South America are interested in iSGs for volcano monitoring.…”

Section: Future Possibilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconducting Gravimetry

Hinderer

2015

Treatise on Geophysics

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Review of Microgravity Observations at Mt. Etna: A Powerful Tool to Monitor and Study Active Volcanoes

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

Volcanic signatures in time gravity variations during the volcanic unrest on El Hierro (Canary Islands)

Volcanic signatures in time gravity variations during the volcanic unrest on El Hierro (Canary Islands)

Geophysics From Terrestrial Time‐Variable Gravity Measurements

Superconducting Gravimetry

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