Review of methods and technologies for the enrichment of low-grade phosphorites

Raiymbekov, Yerkebulan; Besterekov, U.; Nazarbek, Ulzhalgas

doi:10.1515/revic-2021-0041

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The presence of organic matter in sedimentary phosphates negatively influences the production of phosphoric acid by the wet process [4]; in this regard knowledge of the chemical and mineralogical composition of phosphate ores is essential to anticipate the difficulties that could appear in the choice of recovery process. Researchers have described several phosphate processing methods such as mechanical methods, calcination, flotation, chemical enrichment with various acids and salts [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of combined processing method of phosphate minerals from the Kef Essenoun deposit

Attafi,

Idres,

Mekti

et al. 2024

TAPR

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Currently, the processing of beige and black phosphates only concerns the main sub-layers, while the other sub-layers (lower and upper for beige phosphate and the upper for black phosphate) are considered waste rock and stored near the complex. Therefore, the object of this research is the use of mixtures of three beige phosphate sub-layers and two black phosphate sub-layers as a feed fraction for the calcination and reverses flotation processes. This research work aims to characterise and treat two types of phosphate: one beige with the sub-layers (main, lower and upper) and the other black with the sub-layers (main and upper) in order to have better recovery of P2O5. The working methodology consists of a series of sample preparation operations and characterization of the two types of beige and black phosphate. This characterization includes a petrographic study, a granulochemical analysis, an X-ray diffraction (XRD), a scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and an atomic adsorption spectrophotometry (SAA), an auto analyzer (AA), a Bernard calcimeter. These analyzes allow on the one hand to identify the mineral phases in quantitative and qualitative manner, and on the other hand to choose the process for treating phosphates from the Kef Essenoun–Tebessa deposit. The combined method of treatment by calcination followed by reverse flotation gave satisfactory results. The P2O5 content reaches 33.88 % for beige phosphate and 33.13 % for black phosphate. The stored waste rock represents a problem for the company; this waste rock contains fairly high levels of phosphate. The treatment of the mixture of the main sub-layers with these waste rocks makes it possible to obtain a better recovery of P2O5, a better economic profitability of the Djebel Onk mining complex and an environmental impact in the region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of combined processing method of phosphate minerals from the Kef Essenoun deposit

Attafi,

Idres,

Mekti

et al. 2024

TAPR

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“…China has abundant phosphate resources, but these resources are mainly medium-and low-grade phosphate ore, and high-grade phosphate ore accounts for less than 10% . How to fully use medium-and low-grade phosphate ore is one of the significant challenges facing agriculture in the world today (Aarab et al, 2022;Raiymbekov et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on phosphorus release from medium- and low-grade phosphate ore powders by mechanical activation and low molecular weight organic acid activation

Fan,

Ma,

Wang

et al. 2024

Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process.

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Phosphate ore is an essential resource for producing phosphate fertilizer. International phosphate ore is overmined, and phosphorus resources are becoming depleted; improving the utilization efficiency of medium- and low-grade phosphate ore powder (PR) through activation is the key to the sustainable and efficient use of phosphorus resources. However, the traditional activation method is inefficient and has some limitations on the grade of phosphate ore. In this study, a combination of mechanical activation and low molecular weight organic acid activation was used to activate medium- and low-grade phosphate ore powders, and the activation effects of different mechanical activation conditions, such as mechanical grinding time, the addition of different types and proportions of active minerals (zeolite, bentonite, and kaolin), and different types of low molecular weight organic acids (oxalic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, and citric acid), on phosphate ore powder were compared. The results show that mechanical activation had a synergistic effect with low molecular weight organic acid activation. Mechanical activation can reduce the particle size of phosphate ore powder and increase the release of effective phosphorus from phosphate ore powder. Mechanical activation for 60 min reduced phosphate ore powder's median diameter (D50) from 41.67 μm to 10.59 μm and increased the effective phosphorus leaching rate from 1.19% to 8.27%. The phosphorus release effect of low molecular weight organic acids was oxalic acid > tartaric acid > malic acid > citric acid, with the optimal concentrations of 0.1 mol/L, 0.3 mol/L, 0.5 mol/L, 0.2 mol/L, and the optimal activation cultivation times were all 6 days. This study optimizes the activation method of phosphorite powder, which can not only alleviate the current global shortage of phosphorite resources but also reduce environmental pollution while maximizing the use of phosphorite resources.

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“…Producing fertilizers from phosphate raw materials is possible not only on the basis of wet and dry phosphoric acid, but also directly from phosphorites [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The bulk of fertilizers, however, is produced using phosphoric acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric smelting of phosphorites with production of a ferroalloy, calcium carbide and sublimation of phosphorus

Uteyeva,

Shevko,

Aitkulov

et al. 2023

EJSU

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The article presents the results of a study of the interaction of phosphorites from the Chulaktau deposit of the Karatau basin with coke and steel shavings. The studies were carried out by computer thermodynamic modeling using the HSC-10 software package, together with mathematical planning of experiments, as well as by electric phosphorite melting in an electric arc furnace. On the basis of the conducted studies it was established that the joint formation of intermediate products from the systems Ca3(PO4)2-SiO2-C-Fe is possible at the temperature ˃ 1635-1702ºC. Based on the obtained volumetric and planar images of the coke and steel shavings effect on the technological parameters of the phosphorite's electric smelting, it was found that in order to produce FS25 grade ferrosilicon containing 20-30% of Si and calcium carbide with a capacity of 245.1-248.1 dm 3 /kg (2 nd grade), the process should be carried out in the presence of 52-58% of coke and 24.4-38% of steel shavings. In this case, the extraction degree of silicon into the ferroalloy was 70-80%, and calcium into calcium carbide -60-70%.

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Review of methods and technologies for the enrichment of low-grade phosphorites

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

Analysis of combined processing method of phosphate minerals from the Kef Essenoun deposit

Analysis of combined processing method of phosphate minerals from the Kef Essenoun deposit

Study on phosphorus release from medium- and low-grade phosphate ore powders by mechanical activation and low molecular weight organic acid activation

Electric smelting of phosphorites with production of a ferroalloy, calcium carbide and sublimation of phosphorus

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