Review of literature on eco-friendly sandwich structures made of non-wood cellulose fibers

Kamarian, Saeed; Song, Jung Il

doi:10.1177/10996362211062372

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 248 publications

(360 reference statements)

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“…However in this research the structure was printed with 50 mm/s for maintaining high precision along with 40% infill ratio and 1.6 mm retraction distances. 33 About 50 layers of material is deposited layer by layer and approximately 8 h was consumed to finish the core printing. Figure 5 shows the real time image of 3D printed core with cylindrical geometry.…”

Section: Novel 3d Printed Core Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Load bearing investigations on novel Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene‐carbon quantum dots 3D printed core/bamboo fiber polyester sandwich composite for structural applications

Alshahrani,

Arun Prakash

2023

Polymer Composites

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In this research, a novel 3D printed core and natural fiber polyester composite skin based thick sandwich panel was developed as structural material for domestic and commercial infrastructure applications. The main objective of this research was to analyze how the carbon quantum dots (C‐dots) from agriculture waste strengthen the softer thermoplastic acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) core and overall sandwich panel's load bearing properties. The core of sandwich was prepared using additive manufacturing method whereas the skin was developed by hand layup method. According to the results the C‐dots of 20 phr into the ABS improved the compression properties of core in both flatwise and edgewise directions. A highest tensile and flexural strength of skin was observed to be 114 and 146 MPa respectively. The addition of C‐dots improved the load bearing effect and also restricts the deformation against load. This performance improved novel 3D printed core and bamboo fiber skin sandwich could be used as an alternative construction and building material where the commercial plywood and other forms of powder wood face damages via weather and termite issues.Highlights Higher filler volume of up to 20 phr of carbon quantum dots in acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) were developed Novel 3D printed thin walled core of 1 mm diameter was developed using carbon quantum dots and ABS. Bamboo fiber‐polyester skin with highest tensile strength of 114 MPa was developed. Improved flatwise compression and tensile strength were achieved for ABS core with 20 phr of Carbon quantum dots Flexural strength and edgewise compression properties were improved with 20 phr of Carbon quantum dots in ABS

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Section: Novel 3d Printed Core Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Load bearing investigations on novel Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene‐carbon quantum dots 3D printed core/bamboo fiber polyester sandwich composite for structural applications

Alshahrani,

Arun Prakash

2023

Polymer Composites

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“…[24][25][26][27] Flax is one of these natural fibers that offers a viable alternative to conventional synthetic fibers when it comes to sandwich structures. [28][29][30][31][32][33] Shankar et al 34 conducted a comprehensive study on the static deflection and free vibration behavior of sandwich plates constructed using hybrid flax/glass fiber composite skins and a PLA core. Fu and Sadeghian 35 delved into the investigation of bio-based sandwich beams featuring paper honeycomb cores and face sheets reinforced with flax.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With increasing global public awareness and concerns about environmental pollutants, as well as the overproduction of nonrenewable petroleum‐based products, the use of natural fiber‐reinforced composites has gained significant attention in recent years 24–27 . Flax is one of these natural fibers that offers a viable alternative to conventional synthetic fibers when it comes to sandwich structures 28–33 . Shankar et al 34 conducted a comprehensive study on the static deflection and free vibration behavior of sandwich plates constructed using hybrid flax/glass fiber composite skins and a PLA core.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine learning for bending behavior of sandwich beams with 3D‐printed core and natural fiber‐reinforced composite face sheets

Kamarian,

Teimouri,

Alinia

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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The primary objective of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of machine learning (ML) in predicting the mechanical behavior of sandwich structures. To achieve this, the study focused on assessing the bending response of environmentally friendly sandwich beams consisting of auxetic cores made from polylactic acid (PLA) and flax/epoxy composite face sheets reinforced with halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). Two ML techniques, specifically shallow neural networks (SNNs) and deep neural networks (DNNs), were employed to predict the specific energy absorption (SEA) and load‐deflection curves of these sandwich beams, respectively. The key design parameters under consideration included the HNT content in the face sheets and three geometric characteristics of the auxetic cells. Subsequently, 16 distinct specimens were meticulously designed for manufacturing, following Taguchi's experimental design principles. The cores of the structures were produced using 3D printing techniques, while the face sheets were meticulously fabricated using a hand layup process. These prepared specimens were then subjected to a three‐point bending test, and the collected data were employed to train the aforementioned neural networks. The outcomes of this study revealed that an SNN with a single hidden layer comprising seven neurons effectively predicted the SEA of the structures across various design parameter values. Additionally, the remarkable performance of a DNN, consisting of five hidden layers with 128, 64, 32, 16, and 8 units, respectively, was demonstrated by comparing its predicted results with the experimental results for a randomly designed sandwich beam.Highlights ML techniques were used for bending behavior of sandwich beams. The beams were made of flax/epoxy/HNT face sheets and 3D‐printed auxetic core. SNN was successfully employed to predict the SEA of the structures. DNN effectively predicted the load‐deflection curves. HNT content and auxetic cells significantly impacted the bending properties.

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“…With increasing global public awareness and concerns about environmental pollutants as well as overproduction of non-renewable petroleum-based products, the use of natural fibres in various industries has been gaining significant attention in recent years. 1 Therefore, a number of research studies have been carried out on NFRC to characterize and improve their mechanical properties. Mishra et al 2 produced flax, jute and glass woven fabric reinforced composites and the green epoxy was chosen as matrix in the study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical characterization and low-velocity impact behavior of flax woven fabric-reinforced polymer composites

Korkmaz

Karakuzu

Korkmaz

2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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Man–made fibers like carbon or glass are main components for fiber-reinforced polymer composites thanks to their high strength and stiffness values. However, man-made fibers are not eco-friendly and can hardly be recycled in the nature. Using a high amount of man-made fibers threatens our nature and poses a significant risk for the future of world. Natural fiber reinforced composite (NFRC) is considered as a good alternative for traditional composites. Therefore, NFRC has been examined to develop materials, which have comparable mechanical properties with the man-made fiber reinforced composites, for last decades. Although lots of studies were carried out on the mechanics of NFRC, a few of them focused on the structural design of reinforcement and their effects on composites performance. In this study, the number of weft densities of reinforcements were differentiated and their effects on the mechanical properties of composites were investigated. Fabrics were produced from flax yarns and composites were manufactured by vacuum assisted resin infusion molding method. The tensile, compression, shear and impact tests were carried out to characterize the manufactured composites. Results show that while increasing number of weft density of reinforcement improves the tensile and compressive strength of NFRC in the weft direction, the tensile strength and elastic modulus of composites in the warp direction were characterized by the crimp percentage values of warp yarns. Moreover, it was determined that the number of weft density in the reinforcement affect the contact force and energy absorption capacity of NFRC.

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Review of literature on eco-friendly sandwich structures made of non-wood cellulose fibers

Cited by 12 publications

References 248 publications

Load bearing investigations on novel Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene‐carbon quantum dots 3D printed core/bamboo fiber polyester sandwich composite for structural applications

Load bearing investigations on novel Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene‐carbon quantum dots 3D printed core/bamboo fiber polyester sandwich composite for structural applications

Machine learning for bending behavior of sandwich beams with 3D‐printed core and natural fiber‐reinforced composite face sheets

Mechanical characterization and low-velocity impact behavior of flax woven fabric-reinforced polymer composites

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