Review of Fishery Oceanography of the Early Stages of Loliginidae (Cephalopods: Myopsida): Paralarvae along the Continental Southeast Platform of Brazil between the Cape of São Tomé (Rio de Janeiro) and Cananeia (São Paulo) (22º-25ºS)

Abstract

Cephalopod fishing in Brazil has been on the rise as a result of the growing demand for high quality food. Therefore, for the sustainable exploitation of this resource, adequate evaluation and scientifically supported management strategies are necessary. Notably, the squid which belongs to the family Loliginidae are fishery resources of increasing importance in the marine ecosystem of the Continental Shelf Southeast and South of Brazil. However, information about stock status, knowledge of life history, ecology and the distribution of the early stages of its life cycle is still very insufficient. The present review analyzed more than 100 scientific articles, related to the history of life and ecology, the identification of the occurrence of cephalopods of the Loliginidae family in the region between Cabo de São Tomé (RJ) and Cananeia (SP), the patterns of family distribution to oceanographic processes that were identified from horizontal and vertical maps of abundance, temperature and salinity in plankton sampling collected by 11 oceanographic cruises conducted by the Oceanographic Institute of the University of São Paulo (USP) and published in 2013. Respectively, Generalized Linear Models (GLM) were used to detect the factors that would explain the occurrence and abundance of Loliginidae, which indicated the depth and sea surface temperature (SST), height of the sea surface (HSS), salinity of the sea surface (SSS), chlorophyll-a concentration Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and plankton density (PD). Also, a Redundancy Analysis (RDA) revealed the main distribution patterns observed for the three main species of Loliginidae in relation to the oceanographic variables. Doryteuthis sanpaulensis predominated in the northern region of the sampling area, associated with cold waters and resurgence events. Doryteuthis pleii occurred mainly in the southern region of the study area in warmer waters. Lolliguncul brevis was found only in the estuarine region of Santos, i.e in the shallow and less saline waters. The results obtained represents a relevant contribution to sustainable management for the exploitation of these resources and also contributes to the knowledge about squid fishing oceanography in the regional marine ecosystem.