Review of Exhaust Emissions of Compression Ignition Engines Operating on E Diesel Fuel Blends

Corkwell, Keith C.; Jackson, Mitchell M.; Daly, Daniel T.

doi:10.4271/2003-01-3283

Cited by 65 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The reason for this seems to be political; both the European Union (EU) and the United States have declared their interest in promoting the use of bioenergy (1, 2). Numerous studies have also shown that oxygen-containing compounds that are added to diesel fuel reduce the particulate matter (PM) (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). In contrast, aldehydes seem to be emitted in somewhat higher levels when oxygenates are added (3)(4)(5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, aldehydes seem to be emitted in somewhat higher levels when oxygenates are added (3)(4)(5). NOx emissions, on the other hand, have been reported to decrease when oxygenates are added (3,6). Different organic compounds (for example, alcohols, ethers, and esthers) have been studied as potential additives to diesel, and the influence of the levels of particles as well as other components have been reported (3,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NOx emissions, on the other hand, have been reported to decrease when oxygenates are added (3,6). Different organic compounds (for example, alcohols, ethers, and esthers) have been studied as potential additives to diesel, and the influence of the levels of particles as well as other components have been reported (3,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). A general finding is that the reduction of particles seems to be linearly dependent on the oxygen content, and, thus, the blend with the highest oxygen content results in the highest reduction of particles (14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing the Emission of Particles from a Diesel Engine by Adding an Oxygenate to the Fuel

Nord

Haupt

2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Particulate and high emissions of NO x are the main problems that are associated with diesel engines. Therefore, techniques and fuels that promote a reduction in these emissions currently are attracting great interest. In this paper, a mixture of acetal and regular diesel fuel has been tested in a heavy-duty diesel engine. The effect was a marked decrease in particle number and the estimated particle mass. A small reduction of the engine power was also observed; however, the net effect was nevertheless a reduction in the emission of CO 2 per European stationary cycle. The emissions of HC, CO, NO x , some aldehydes, and hydrocarbons were only slightly affected by the new fuel composition. An exception was the emission of acetaldehyde, which was almost quadrupled, probably reflecting the decomposition and oxidation of acetal to acetaldehyde.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing the Emission of Particles from a Diesel Engine by Adding an Oxygenate to the Fuel

Nord

Haupt

2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…[16]). It is also consistent with previous observations in the facility of the current study, using a range of oxygenated paraffinic fuels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…References [15] and [16] contain recent reviews of many oxygenated fuel studies. Overall, most studies show that increasing oxygen content in the fuel yields decreases exhaust-soot emissions under many operating conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of diesel fuel combustion-modifier additives on In-cylinder soot formation in a heavy-duty Dl diesel engine.

Musculus

Dietz²

2005

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Based on a phenomenological model of diesel combustion and pollutant-formation processes, a number of fuel additives that could potentially reduce in-cylinder soot formation by altering combustion chemistry have been identified. These fuel additives, or "combustion modifiers," included ethanol and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, polyethylene glycol dinitrate (a cetane improver), succinimide (a dispersant), as well as nitromethane and another nitro-compound mixture. To better understand the chemical and physical mechanisms by which these combustion modifiers may affect soot formation in diesel engines, in-cylinder soot and diffusion flame lift-off were measured, using an optically-accessible, heavy-duty, direct-injection diesel engine.A line-of-sight laser extinction diagnostic was employed to measure the relative soot concentration within the diesel jets ("jetsoot") as well as the rates of deposition of soot on the piston bowl-rim ("wall-soot"). An OH chemiluminescence imaging technique was utilized to measure the lift-off lengths of the diesel diffusion flames so that fresh oxygen entrainment rates could be compared among the fuels. Measurements were obtained at two operating conditions, using blends of a base commercial diesel fuel with various combinations of the fuel additives.The ethanol additive, at 10 % by mass, reduced jet-soot by up to 15%, and reduced wall-soot by 30-40%. The other fuel additives also affected in-cylinder soot, but unlike the ethanol blends, changes in in-cylinder soot could be attributed solely to differences in the ignition delay. No statistically-significant differences in the diesel flame lift-off lengths were observed among any of the fuel additive formulations at the operating conditions examined in this study. Accordingly, the observed differences in in-cylinder soot among the fuel formulations cannot be attributed to differences in fresh oxygen entrainment upstream of the soot-formation zones after ignition.

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Effects of Compression Ratio on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine Fuelled with Ethanol Blended Diesel Fuel

Santhosh

Padmanaban²

2012

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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Review of Exhaust Emissions of Compression Ignition Engines Operating on E Diesel Fuel Blends

Cited by 65 publications

References 17 publications

Reducing the Emission of Particles from a Diesel Engine by Adding an Oxygenate to the Fuel

Reducing the Emission of Particles from a Diesel Engine by Adding an Oxygenate to the Fuel

Effects of diesel fuel combustion-modifier additives on In-cylinder soot formation in a heavy-duty Dl diesel engine.

Effects of Compression Ratio on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine Fuelled with Ethanol Blended Diesel Fuel

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