Review of Electrochemical DNA Biosensors for Detecting Food Borne Pathogens

Abstract

The vital importance of rapid and accurate detection of food borne pathogens has driven the development of biosensor to prevent food borne illness outbreaks. Electrochemical DNA biosensors offer such merits as rapid response, high sensitivity, low cost, and ease of use. This review covers the following three aspects: food borne pathogens and conventional detection methods, the design and fabrication of electrochemical DNA biosensors and several techniques for improving sensitivity of biosensors. We highlight the main bioreceptors and immobilizing methods on sensing interface, electrochemical techniques, electrochemical indicators, nanotechnology, and nucleic acid-based amplification. Finally, in view of the existing shortcomings of electrochemical DNA biosensors in the field of food borne pathogen detection, we also predict and prospect future research focuses from the following five aspects: specific bioreceptors (improving specificity), nanomaterials (enhancing sensitivity), microfluidic chip technology (realizing automate operation), paper-based biosensors (reducing detection cost), and smartphones or other mobile devices (simplifying signal reading devices).

A Pilot Survey on Hygienic–Sanitary Characteristics of Ready-To-Eat Sauces and Pesto

“…Besides Salmonella , neither Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli nor C. perfringens were found, but this must not lead to underestimating the antibacterial power of some ingredients of the pesto and sauces examined. Although a parameter for the selection of the examined foods was the absence of garlic, a food with demonstrated antibacterial activity [ 12 , 13 ], numerous scientific studies also demonstrated the antibacterial power of basil essential oil against these microorganisms [ 48 , 49 ] and of pine nuts [ 50 ], which are included in pesto; walnuts [ 51 ] and pore mushroom [ 52 ] also showed antibacterial properties.…”

“…The research, and therefore understanding regarding the underlying causes of these outbreaks is still poor, and represents a barrier to effectively addressing this issue. Furthermore, the use of rapid and accurate detection of foodborne pathogens is an international priority to control and prevent foodborne epidemics in humans, and to reduce mortality rates drastically [ 12 ].…”

The Requirement of Genetic Diagnostic Technologies for Environmental Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance

“…More viable alternatives to quantifying hybridization for automated or point-of care-detection rely on methods that detect surface changes post hybridization. For example, surface plasmon resonance, calorimetry, quartz crystal microbalance measurements, biolayer interferometry, reflectometric interference spectroscopy [ 53 ], or electrochemistry [ 54 , 55 ]. These methods do not rely on labile chemicals or reagents and all have been miniaturized and are regarded as being low cost options for diagnostic devices [ 53 , 56 , 57 , 58 ].…”

A Review on the Development of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles-Based Biosensor as a Detection Strategy of Emerging and Pathogenic RNA Virus

“…Depending on the type of bioreceptor used, biosensors can broadly be classified into four classes, i.e., DNA biosensor, enzyme biosensor, whole-cell biosensor, and phage biosensor. Meanwhile, according to the different types of transducer used, a biosensor can be categorized into electrochemical biosensor, piezoelectric biosensor, calorimetric biosensor, and optical biosensor [ 24 ].…”