Review of Charge Pump Topologies for Micro Energy Harvesting Systems

Abstract

This paper reviews CMOS based charge pump topologies used within autonomous embedded micro-systems. These charge pump structures have evolved from its simplistic diode-tied, single-branches with major threshold drops to exponential type, dual-branches with sophisticated gate and substrate control for lower voltage operation. Published charge pumps are grouped based on architecture, operation principles and pump optimization techniques with their pros and cons compared and results contrasted. The various charge pump topologies and schemes used are considered based on pumping efficiency, power efficiency, charge transferability, circuit complexity, pumping capacitors, form factor and minimum supply voltages with an optimum load. This article concludes with an overview of suitable techniques and recommendations that will aid a designer in selecting the most suitable charge pump topology especially for low ambient micro energy harvesting applications.

Ultra-Low Voltage Analog IC Design: Challenges, Methods and Examples

“…As reviewed and summarized exhaustively in rather recent publication [43], ULV CMOS based charged pumps (CP) are widely used within energy-autonomous or also called self-powered electronic systems. The most dominant advantage of CPs -fully on-chip integration capability -can be very challenging in terms of finding compromise between performance and acceptable area consumption, especially in ULV applications.…”

Calculation of Transient Processes and Parameters of Scheme of Voltage Doubler Based on Switched Capacitances

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