Review of Bridge Structural Health Monitoring Based on GNSS: From Displacement Monitoring to Dynamic Characteristic Identification

Abstract

Deformation monitoring and dynamic characteristic analysis of bridge structures are the vital and basic requirements for the safe operation of bridges. In recent years, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has become increasingly widely used in bridge structural health monitoring with the development of the GNSS technology, especially the continuous improvement and development of China's Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS). This article summarises the application process of GNSS dynamic deformation monitoring and the development of GNSS deformation measurement technology of bridge structural health monitoring, the dynamic characteristic identification method and its application in bridge GNSS monitoring. The positioning solution methods for GNSS monitoring, the high sampling rate GNSS receiver for monitoring, multi-frequency and multi-system GNSS monitoring and the weakening of multipath effect of GNSS monitoring are summarised in detail. Then, the conclusions and prospects are posed for future research and related application.

Xây dựng hệ thống quan trắc chuyển dịch và cảnh báo sớm sử dụng kỹ thuật GNSS-RTK

“…Liên quan tới lĩnh vực quan trắc, nghiên cứu [1,8] đã thống kê hàng loạt các công trình lớn được quan trắc bằng công nghệ GNSS bao gồm nhà cao tầng [9,10], ống khói [11,12], đập, các tòa tháp [13,14] hay các cây cầu có quy mô lớn [15,16] với các kỹ thuật đo động thời gian thực GNSS-RTK trạm đơn, đo động xử lý sau (PPK), đo động thời gian thực với hệ thống trạm tham chiếu hoạt động liên tục (Net-RTK) và phương pháp PPP [1]. Trong các hệ thống quan trắc sức khỏe kết cấu đã được triển khai, hệ thống GNSS đóng vai trò then chốt để đánh giá tình trạng an toàn của kết cấu [17][18][19] và quá trình vận hành, bảo trì sẽ bị ảnh hưởng nếu kết quả có chứa sai số lớn.…”

Internet of Things Horizontal Platform Development for Expanded Application Scenarios and Use Cases

“…However, as unit prices still remain high, at c. $5k per sensor unit 6 , their deployment is attenuated. In an assessment of their use in bridge displacement (deformation) monitoring system, for instance, Wang et al in [24] provide details of 42 bridges (out of an estimated total of 1.3 million bridges in China) with such systems. Rather than an ideal of 'one pier -one sensor unit', many had just two or three sensor units per bridge, which the authors put down to unit cost.…”

Multi-point measurement using DIC based on UAV platform

“…At the same time, with the use of the bridge, they need to be replaced and maintained regularly to ensure the normal operation of the equipment. Common non-contact detection methods mainly include Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) 2 and laser displacement measurement 3 . GNSS can realize all-weather and automatic bridge monitoring, but the technology is not yet mature, and there are some shortcomings such as expensive equipment and low measurement accuracy (10-20 mm).…”