Review—High Field Modulated FET Biosensors for Biomedical Applications

Sarangadharan, Indu; Pulikkathodi, Anil Kumar; Chu, Chia-Ho; Chen, Yen‐Wen; Regmi, Abiral; Chen, Pei-Chi; Hsu, Ching-Fang; Wang, Yulin

doi:10.1149/2.0061807jss

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…It can be readily integrated with microfluidic systems to provide the precise and automatic control of the process and to shorten the mixing time [21,42,43]. The throughput can be further improved by utilizing field-effect transistor (FET) sensors to detect miRNAs directly without PCR amplification [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-step magnetic bead-based (2MBB) techniques for immunocapture of extracellular vesicles and quantification of microRNAs for cardiovascular diseases: A pilot study

et al. 2020

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted increasing attention because of their potential roles in various biological processes and medical applications. However, isolation of EVs is technically challenging mainly due to their small and heterogeneous size and contaminants that are often co-isolated. We have thus designed a two-step magnetic bead-based (2MBB) method for isolation a subset of EVs as well as their microRNAs from samples of a limited amount. The process involves utilizing magnetic beads coated with capture molecules that recognize EV surface markers, such as CD63. Captured EVs could be eluted from beads or lyzed directly for subsequent analysis. In this study, we used a second set of magnetic beads coated with complementary oligonucleotides to isolate EV-associated microRNAs (EV-miR-NAs). The efficiencies of 2MBB processes were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with spiked-in exogenous cel-miR-238 molecules. Experimental results demonstrated the high efficiency in EV enrichment (74 ± 7%, n = 4) and miRNA extraction (91 ± 4%, n = 4). Transmission electron micrographs (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) show that captured EVs enriched by 2MBB method could be released and achieved a higher purity than the differential ultracentrifugation (DUC) method (p < 0.001, n = 3). As a pilot study, EV-miR126-3p and total circulating cell-free miR126-3p (cf-miR126-3p) in eight clinical plasma samples were measured and compared with the level of protein markers. Compared to cf-miR126-3p, a significant increase in correlations between EV-miR126-3p and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and N-terminal propeptide of B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was detected. Furthermore, EV-miR126-3p levels in plasma samples from healthy volunteers (n = 18) and high-risk cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients (n = 10) were significantly different (p = 0.006), suggesting EV-miR126 may be a potential biomarker for cardiovascular diseases. 2MBB technique is easy, versatile, and provides an efficient means for enriching EVs and EV-associated nucleic acid molecules.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-step magnetic bead-based (2MBB) techniques for immunocapture of extracellular vesicles and quantification of microRNAs for cardiovascular diseases: A pilot study

et al. 2020

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“…The main driving force of this sensor, similar to the other ISM-based HEMT sensors, is based on the changes in dielectric capacitance (C d ) when the Hg 2+ binds with the ionophore. The electrolyte/semiconductor surface potential dropped as the Hg 2+ concentration increased, leading to an increment in current [ 204 , 205 ]. It is worth mentioning that the sensor was independent to pH and conductivity, which means that the sensor could provide an accurate reading in real time.…”

Section: Iii-v Materials High Electron Mobility Transistor (Hemt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten Years Progress of Electrical Detection of Heavy Metal Ions (HMIs) Using Various Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Nanosensors: A Review

et al. 2021

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Heavy metal pollution remains a major concern for the public today, in line with the growing population and global industrialization. Heavy metal ion (HMI) is a threat to human and environmental safety, even at low concentrations, thus rapid and continuous HMI monitoring is essential. Among the sensors available for HMI detection, the field-effect transistor (FET) sensor demonstrates promising potential for fast and real-time detection. The aim of this review is to provide a condensed overview of the contribution of certain semiconductor substrates in the development of chemical and biosensor FETs for HMI detection in the past decade. A brief introduction of the FET sensor along with its construction and configuration is presented in the first part of this review. Subsequently, the FET sensor deployment issue and FET intrinsic limitation screening effect are also discussed, and the solutions to overcome these shortcomings are summarized. Later, we summarize the strategies for HMIs’ electrical detection, mechanisms, and sensing performance on nanomaterial semiconductor FET transducers, including silicon, carbon nanotubes, graphene, AlGaN/GaN, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD), black phosphorus, organic and inorganic semiconductor. Finally, concerns and suggestions regarding detection in the real samples using FET sensors are highlighted in the conclusion.

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“…Previous studies have utilized a gentle protein elution buffer and NaOH solution to strip away the bound as well as background biomolecules from the biosensor surface. 53,54 However, if the dissociation rate of the target analyte is very fast, then the sensing surface can be restored by normal washing without any need for buffers. In order to make the regeneration process more efficient, or nearly ideal, a number of conditions need to be met.…”

Section: Challenges In Device Design For Highmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances and Progress in Development of the Field Effect Transistor Biosensor: A Review

Wadhera

Kakkar

Wadhwa

et al. 2019

Journal of Elec Materi

121

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The vital utilization of biosensors in different domains has led to the design of much more precise and powerful biosensors, since they have the potential to attain information in a fast and simple manner compared to conventional assays. The present review describes the basic concepts, operation, and construction of biosensors and presented an ideology that choice of categorization, selection of immobilization method and advantages are crucial factors for an efficient and commercial biosensor. Amongst various biosensors, the field effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors have shown much more potential and immense advantages such as high detection ability and sensitivity for both neutral and charged biomolecules and, hence, have been explored comprehensively in the present review. This paper discusses the current challenges in device design by mainly focusing on the quantitative and qualitative performance parameters such as sensing surface properties, signal-to-noise ratio and various other factors, since consideration of these factors will eventually address the crucial concerns related to device design and practical limitations. The critical measures to translate the commercialization of biosensors in the market at a high pace have also been discussed. Hence, the discussion on device challenges illustrates that there is a scope of improvement in the areas such as short-channel effects, specificity and nanocavity filling factor for revolutionary advances in FET-based biosensors. Optimal selection of design rules and biosensing material has the potential to feature the next generation of biosensors. The present paper reports that following integrated multidisciplinary approaches and switching to nanotechnology in designing of FETbased biosensors can offer a lot of improvements in the practical key factors (such as low cost and reliability) and opportunities for the biosensors in the marketplace.

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Review—High Field Modulated FET Biosensors for Biomedical Applications

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

Two-step magnetic bead-based (2MBB) techniques for immunocapture of extracellular vesicles and quantification of microRNAs for cardiovascular diseases: A pilot study

Two-step magnetic bead-based (2MBB) techniques for immunocapture of extracellular vesicles and quantification of microRNAs for cardiovascular diseases: A pilot study

Ten Years Progress of Electrical Detection of Heavy Metal Ions (HMIs) Using Various Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Nanosensors: A Review

Recent Advances and Progress in Development of the Field Effect Transistor Biosensor: A Review

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