Review: Groundwater in Alaska (USA)

Callegary, James B.; Kikuchi, C.; Koch, Joshua C.; Lilly, Michael R.; Leake, Stanley A.

doi:10.1007/s10040-012-0940-5

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…As this layer is subject to seasonal freezing and thawing, the active soil freezing-thawing processes play a decisive role in the recharge, movement, spatial distribution, and cycle of suprapermafrost groundwater in cold areas (Quinton and Marsh, 1999;Woo, 2012;Chang et al, 2015). The circulation of the suprapermafrost groundwater is important to the hydrological cycle in the permafrost region because it is strongly linked to the processes of infiltration, evaporation, redistribution of water in the soil, and exfiltration in support of runoff (Callegary et al, 2013). Only the suprapermafrost groundwater supplies water to the base flow for the continuous permafrost area (Woo, 2012;Ligotin et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and prediction of suprapermafrost groundwater level variation in response to climate change using a neural network model

Chang

Wang

Mao

2015

Journal of Hydrology

116

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and prediction of suprapermafrost groundwater level variation in response to climate change using a neural network model

Chang

Wang

Mao

2015

Journal of Hydrology

116

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“…Permafrost thaw can have important consequences for the distribution of surface water (Roach et al, 2011;Rover et al, 2012), stream discharge and chemistry (O'Donnell et al, 2012;Petrone et al, 2007;Striegl et al, 2005;Walvoord and Striegl, 2007), and exchange between groundwater and surface water systems (Bense et al, 2009;Callegary et al, 2013;Walvoord et al, 2012). Likewise, hydrologic changes that alter the thermal forcing supplied by surface water or groundwater systems can modify the distribution of permafrost, illustrating the strong feedbacks between permafrost and hydrology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of airborne geophysical data to sublacustrine and near-surface permafrost thaw

Minsley¹,

Wellman²,

Walvoord

et al. 2015

The Cryosphere

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Abstract.A coupled hydrogeophysical forward and inverse modeling approach is developed to illustrate the ability of frequency-domain airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data to characterize subsurface physical properties associated with sublacustrine permafrost thaw during lake-talik formation. Numerical modeling scenarios are evaluated that consider non-isothermal hydrologic responses to variable forcing from different lake depths and for different hydrologic gradients. A novel physical property relationship connects the dynamic distribution of electrical resistivity to ice saturation and temperature outputs from the SUTRA groundwater simulator with freeze-thaw physics. The influence of lithology on electrical resistivity is controlled by a surface conduction term in the physical property relationship. Resistivity models, which reflect changes in subsurface conditions, are used as inputs to simulate AEM data in order to explore the sensitivity of geophysical observations to permafrost thaw. Simulations of sublacustrine talik formation over a 1000-year period are modeled after conditions found in the Yukon Flats, Alaska. Synthetic AEM data are analyzed with a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm that quantifies geophysical parameter uncertainty and resolution. Major lithological and permafrost features are well resolved by AEM data in the examples considered. The subtle geometry of partial ice saturation beneath lakes during talik formation cannot be resolved using AEM data, but the gross characteristics of sub-lake resistivity models reflect bulk changes in ice content and can identify the presence of a talik. A final synthetic example compares AEM and ground-based electromagnetic responses for their ability to resolve shallow permafrost and thaw features in the upper 1-2 m below ground outside the lake margin.

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“…While some groundwater research in permafrost areas has been completed, it has usually only been in the context of conceptual models and numerical modeling of hypothetical systems . Most existing studies have relied on various indirect sources of groundwater information such as river baseflow, springs, icings and mine sites, while only a few have used direct observations with piezometers or deep boreholes …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Faced with increasing exploitation of natural resources and population growth in the north, demand for water has also increased. Better characterization of groundwater resources in these regions will therefore also be important to evaluate resource potential, sustain water needs, identify groundwater zones at risk and prevent groundwater contamination …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater hydrogeochemistry in permafrost regions

Cochand

Molson

Lemieux

2019

Permafrost & Periglacial

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This review paper provides a summary of the current state of knowledge regarding groundwater hydrogeochemistry in permafrost regions and presents expected impacts of permafrost degradation on groundwater quality. Using published case studies, the most practical monitoring approaches are reviewed, possible monitoring issues are highlighted, and links between groundwater chemistry signatures and associated flow systems in northern climates are identified. Hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in permafrost regions depend on the same reactions as in nonpermafrost regions, but in acting as a confining layer, permafrost can affect groundwater chemistry by restricting recharge and limiting exchange of energy and mass between the ground surface, surface water and groundwater. Rock (mineral)–water interactions can also increase due to longer residence times. The impacts of climate change on groundwater quality in permafrost regions are thought to be linked to the loss of this confining layer. Various studies have reported significant modifications in shallow and deep groundwater contributions to surface water, marked by a decrease in dissolved organic carbon and an increase in total dissolved solids in stream water linked to declining permafrost coverage. Future studies related to hydrogeology in permafrost areas should include better in situ hydrogeochemical characterization of groundwater to assess its potential for future use as the climate warms.

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Review: Groundwater in Alaska (USA)

Cited by 23 publications

References 80 publications

Simulation and prediction of suprapermafrost groundwater level variation in response to climate change using a neural network model

Simulation and prediction of suprapermafrost groundwater level variation in response to climate change using a neural network model

Sensitivity of airborne geophysical data to sublacustrine and near-surface permafrost thaw

Groundwater hydrogeochemistry in permafrost regions

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