Review article: therapeutic aspects of bile acid signalling in the gut‐liver axis

Simbrunner, Benedikt; Trauner, Michael; Reiberger, Thomas

doi:10.1111/apt.16602

Cited by 54 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 194 publications

(248 reference statements)

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“…The expression of TGR5 is different over diverse anatomical compartments, including the liver, gallbladder as well as small and large intestine ( Keitel and Häussinger, 2018 ; Simbrunner et al, 2021 ). TGR5 shows a higher affinity for secondary BAs than primary BAs and induces disparate intracellular signaling pathways ( Sorrentino et al, 2020 ; Willis et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Bile Acids Act As Signal Molecules Between the Gut And Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The composition of the BA pool shows great plasticity because of the modification by GM, thus affecting digestion, nuclear receptor binding, bile fluid toxicity, and solubility, which displays considerable differences between normal individuals and patients with liver diseases ( Simbrunner et al, 2021 ). Due to their cytolytic effects, BAs may be highly toxic when accumulating at high concentrations in the liver ( Wu et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Gut Microbiota-bile Acids Axis In the Progression Of Non-alc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…gut (Mouzaki et al, 2016;Jia et al, 2018;Yamada et al, 2018;Jia and Jeon, 2019;Sun et al, 2019;Sydor et al, 2020;Shao et al, 2021;Simbrunner et al, 2021;Wu et al, 2021). The composition of BAs in NAFLD patients differs from that of healthy controls, and BAs can prevent NAFLD progression by activating BAs receptors (Gottlieb and Canbay, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BAs in turn have antibacterial effects against certain bacteria ( Winston and Theriot, 2020 ). Numerous studies have shown that BAs act as signaling molecules to regulate glucose, lipid and energy metabolism and the inflammatory response by mediating the intensive connection between the liver and the gut ( Mouzaki et al, 2016 ; Jia et al, 2018 ; Yamada et al, 2018 ; Jia and Jeon, 2019 ; Sun et al, 2019 ; Sydor et al, 2020 ; Shao et al, 2021 ; Simbrunner et al, 2021 ; Wu et al, 2021 ). The composition of BAs in NAFLD patients differs from that of healthy controls, and BAs can prevent NAFLD progression by activating BAs receptors ( Gottlieb and Canbay, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Gut Microbiota-Bile Acids Axis in the Progression of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), an emerging global health problem affecting 25–30% of the total population, refers to excessive lipid accumulation in the liver accompanied by insulin resistance (IR) without significant alcohol intake. The increasing prevalence of NAFLD will lead to an increasing number of cirrhosis patients, as well as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) requiring liver transplantation, while the current treatments for NAFLD and its advanced diseases are suboptimal. Accordingly, it is necessary to find signaling pathways and targets related to the pathogenesis of NAFLD for the development of novel drugs. A large number of studies and reviews have described the critical roles of bile acids (BAs) and their receptors in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The gut microbiota (GM), whose composition varies between healthy and NAFLD patients, promotes the transformation of more than 50 secondary bile acids and is involved in the pathophysiology of NAFLD through the GM-BAs axis. Correspondingly, BAs inhibit the overgrowth of GM and maintain a healthy gut through their antibacterial effects. Here we review the biosynthesis, enterohepatic circulation, and major receptors of BAs, as well as the relationship of GM, BAs, and the pathogenesis of NAFLD in different disease progression. This article also reviews several therapeutic approaches for the management and prevention of NAFLD targeting the GM-BAs axis.

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Section: Bile Acids Act As Signal Molecules Between the Gut And Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gut Microbiota-bile Acids Axis In the Progression Of Non-alc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Gut Microbiota-Bile Acids Axis in the Progression of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Этот патогенетический каскад не только имеет клиническое значение, но и запускает патофизиологический порочный круг потенцирующий патогенез обменных патологий [6,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Pathogenetic bases of the combined use of drugs from the groups of hepatoprotectors and phytosorbents

Alekhin

Ponamarev²,

Popova³

2022

jour

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The combined use of hepatoprotectors and phytosorbents in theory is a promising method of pharmacotherapy of comorbid pathologies, as it creates the possibility of presenting them as the result of an extended search for the most relevant forms of manifestation of metabolic disorders, the results of which made it possible to identify general patterns of development and, accordingly, the main directions for their leveling.It was revealed that the main pathogenetic trend is the failure of metabolic processes in the gastrointestinal tract, which reduces the efficiency of feeding and causes a decrease or fluctuations in productivity (or product quality), the subsequent accumulation of products of disturbed metabolic processes with toxic properties - the development of a local syndrome of endogenous intoxication, a violation of the processes of cavitary and symbiotic digestion in the gastrointestinal tract, with increased alimentary insufficiency, functional overload of the digestive organs and primarily the liver, imbalance of the microbiota and local barrier mechanisms, generalization of the pathological process in the form of the development of systemic endogenous intoxication with the corresponding toxic depression of immunity, functions of organs and body systems, including including dysfunctions and the development of pathology of the hepatobiliary system, in the form of systemic metabolic disorders with the occurrence of a secondary deficiency of nutrients and biologically active substances, acid disorders butalkaline balance and dystrophic phenomena.The main purpose of this article is, based on the analysis of literary sources, to identify the pathogenetic basis for the combined use of drugs from the hepatoprotector groups and phytosorbents.We searched for original studies in the scientific databases PubMed, Elsevier Science (Scopus) and Clarivate Analytics (Web of Science) over the past 20 years to identify the features of the above processes, after which a formalized content analysis of the found publications was carried out.A better understanding of the various mechanisms involved in pathogenesis involving the liver and intestinal microbiota will contribute to the development of improved pharmacological approaches to the treatment of these pathologies.

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Recent Advances in Gut‐ and Gut–Organ‐Axis‐on‐a‐Chip Models

Kim,

Sung

2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The human gut extracts nutrients from the diet while forming the largest barrier against the outer environment. In addition, the gut actively maintains homeostasis through intricate interactions with the gut microbes, the immune system, the enteric nervous system, and other organs. These interactions influence digestive health and, furthermore, play crucial roles in systemic health and disease. Given its primary role in absorbing and metabolizing orally administered drugs, there is significant interest in the development of preclinical in vitro model systems that can accurately emulate the intestine in vivo. A gut‐on‐a‐chip system holds great potential as a testing and screening platform because of its ability to emulate the physiological aspects of in vivo tissues and expandability to incorporate and combine with other organs. This review aims to identify the key physiological features of the human gut that need to be incorporated to build more accurate preclinical models and highlights the recent progress in gut‐on‐a‐chip systems and competing technologies toward building more physiologically relevant preclinical model systems. Furthermore, various efforts to construct multi‐organ systems with the gut, called gut‐organ‐axis‐on‐a‐chip models, are discussed. In vitro gut models with physiological relevance can provide valuable platforms for bridging the gap between preclinical and clinical studies.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Review article: therapeutic aspects of bile acid signalling in the gut‐liver axis

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creat ive Commo ns Attri bution-NonCo mmercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

Cited by 54 publications

References 194 publications

The Role of Gut Microbiota-Bile Acids Axis in the Progression of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The Role of Gut Microbiota-Bile Acids Axis in the Progression of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Pathogenetic bases of the combined use of drugs from the groups of hepatoprotectors and phytosorbents

Recent Advances in Gut‐ and Gut–Organ‐Axis‐on‐a‐Chip Models

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