Review and Meta‐Analysis of Camera Effects on Avian Nest Success

Richardson, T. Will; Gardali, Thomas; Jenkins, Stephen H.

doi:10.2193/2007-566

Cited by 148 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…Several systems were custom built by Fuhrman Diversified, Inc. (FIELDCAM Miniature Digital SD4TLV; Seabrook, Texas, USA) and several were built by us using a design developed by F. R. Thompson III and W. A. Cox. As recommended by Richardson et al (2009), our cameras were small, highly camouflaged, placed so as to avoid manipulating nest concealment, widely dispersed (i.e., camera-monitored nests were not clumped within a Note: Numbers of nests monitored annually are indicated in parentheses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Across the rural-to-urban gradient, nests with cameras had similar visitation/check rates, and this reduces the possibility of bias. Although a recent metaanalysis suggests that camera-monitored nests may be relatively less likely to be depredated than unmonitored nests (Richardson et al 2009), we used nest cameras, not to estimate risk of predation, but to identify the suite of nest predators Burhans 2003, Reidy et al 2008). We do not expect that our estimates of overall predation are affected by our use of cameras given that the number of nests with cameras was small relative to the total number of nests that we monitored (,3%).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anthropogenic resource subsidies decouple predator–prey relationships

Rodewald

Kearns

Shustack

2011

Ecological Applications

221

135

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Abstract. The extent to which resource subsidies affect food web dynamics is poorly understood in anthropogenic landscapes. To better understand how species interactions are influenced by subsidies, we studied breeding birds and nest predators along a rural-to-urban landscape gradient that varied in subsidies provided to generalist predators. We hypothesized that resource subsidies in urban landscapes would decouple predator-prey relationships, as predators switch from natural to anthropogenic foods. From 2004 to 2009, we surveyed nest predators and monitored 2942 nests of five songbird species breeding in 19 mature forest stands in Ohio, USA. Eighteen species were video-recorded depredating nests. Numbers of avian and mammalian nest predators were positively associated with the amount of urban development surrounding forests, with the exception of Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater). Although nest survival strongly declined with detections of nest predators in rural landscapes, nest survival and predator numbers were unrelated in urban landscapes. Thus, the strength of interaction between breeding birds and nest predators diminished as landscapes surrounding forested parks became more urbanized. Our work suggests that decoupling of predator-prey relationships can arise when synanthropic predators are heavily subsidized by anthropogenic resources. In this way, human drivers can alter, and completely disarticulate, relationships among species that are well established in more natural systems.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic resource subsidies decouple predator–prey relationships

Rodewald

Kearns

Shustack

2011

Ecological Applications

221

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Early clutches had higher chances of survival owing to the later emergence of desert monitors (n = 58 monitor observations, first date = 15 April, median date = 13 May), with chances of nest success decreasing by almost 50 % by the end of the season, coinciding with the peak of monitor activity in May-June (Pianka et al 2004). As the number of active nests diminishes towards the end of the breeding period, finding new nests by tracking becomes extremely difficult, with smaller sample sizes in the first 3 years of study limiting our ability to detect any increase in late-season nest survival.…”

Section: Effect Of Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another explanation is that hillocks and elevations probably do not provide much additional concealment against major predators for incubating females. Foxes, being mostly nocturnal, rely on smell or sound when foraging, while in shrubby desert, diurnal monitor lizards, although thought to have excellent vision like other Varanus (Pianka et al 2004), seem more likely to detect a nest or a female at relatively close range, so nesting in a depression between hillocks or in a flat area may have similar costs for nest survival.…”

Section: Habitat Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of habitat and livestock on nest productivity of the Asian houbara Chlamydotis macqueenii in Bukhara Province, Uzbekistan

et al. 2016

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To inform population support measures for the unsustainably hunted Asian houbara Chlamydotis macqueenii (IUCN Vulnerable), we examined potential habitat and landuse effects on nest productivity in the Kyzylkum Desert, Uzbekistan. We monitored 177 nests across different semiarid shrub assemblages (clay-sand and salinity gradients) and a range of livestock densities (0-80 km −2). Nest success (mean 51.4 %, 95 % CI 42.4-60.4 %) was similar across 4 years; predation caused 85 % of those failures for which the cause was known, and only three nests were trampled by livestock. Nesting begins within a few weeks of arrival when food appears scarce, but later nests were more likely to fail owing to the emergence of a key predator, suggesting that foraging conditions on wintering and passage sites may be important for nest productivity. Nest success was similar across three shrub assemblages and was unrelated to landscape rugosity, shrub frequency or livestock density but was greater with taller mean shrub height (range 13-67 cm) within 50 m. Clutch size (mean = 3.2 eggs) and per-egg hatchability in successful nests (87.5 %) did not differ with laying date, shrub assemblage or livestock density. We therefore found no evidence that livestock density reduced nest productivity across the range examined, while differing shrub assemblages appeared to offer similar habitat quality. Asian houbara appear well-adapted to a range of semi-desert habitats and tolerate moderate disturbance by pastoralism. No obvious in situ mitigation measures arise from these findings, leaving regulation and control as the key requirement to render hunting sustainable.

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“…Incubation and brood care are thought to place parent birds at greater predation risk (Vehrencamp 1978, Hartke et al 2006, Low et al 2010), but mortality of parents is much harder to document than mortality of sedentary eggs or prefledged young, and so these risks have not been well documented. Determining event-specific mortality among breeding adults generally requires techniques such as telemetry or video surveillance (Hartke et al 2006, Reidy et al 2009), which often precludes large samples and raises concerns that the methodologies themselves may affect mortality risks (Richardson et al 2009, Barron et al 2010. Nevertheless, breeding birds spend several weeks in fixed locations, i.e., nest sites, tending eggs and young, and for species that suffer high rates of nest predation this undoubtedly places them at greater risk to predators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costs of Reproduction in Breeding Female Mallards: Predation Risk during Incubation Drives Annual Mortality

Arnold¹,

Roche²,

Devries³

et al. 2012

ACE

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ABSTRACT. The effort expended on reproduction may entail future costs, such as reduced survival or fecundity, and these costs can have an important influence on life-history optimization. For birds with precocial offspring, hypothesized costs of reproduction have typically emphasized nutritional and energetic investments in egg formation and incubation. We measured seasonal survival of 3856 radio-marked female Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) from arrival on the breeding grounds through brood-rearing or cessation of breeding. There was a 2.5-fold direct increase in mortality risk associated with incubating nests in terrestrial habitats, whereas during brood-rearing when breeding females occupy aquatic habitats, mortality risk reached seasonal lows. Mortality risk also varied with calendar date and was highest during periods when large numbers of Mallards were nesting, suggesting that prey-switching behaviors by common predators may exacerbate risks to adults in all breeding stages. Although prior investments in egg laying and incubation affected mortality risk, most relationships were not consistent with the cost of reproduction hypothesis; birds with extensive prior investments in egg production or incubation typically survived better, suggesting that variation in individual quality drove both relationships. We conclude that for breeding female Mallards, the primary cost of reproduction is a fixed cost associated with placing oneself at risk to predators while incubating nests in terrestrial habitats.RÉSUMÉ. L'effort investi à la reproduction peut avoir une incidence sur les coûts futurs -comme un faible taux de survie ou de fertilité -et ces coûts peuvent grandement influencer l'optimisation du cycle biologique. Chez les oiseaux dont les jeunes sont nidifuges, les coûts hypothétiques de la reproduction sont surtout liés aux efforts nutritionnel et énergétique investis dans la formation des oeufs et à l'incubation. Dans le cadre de cette étude, nous avons mesuré le taux de survie saisonnier de 3 856 Canards colverts (Anas platyrhynchos) femelles munies d'un émetteur radio, de leur arrivée sur les aires de nidification jusqu'à ce que l'élevage des jeunes soit complété ou jusqu'à l'échec de la nidification. Le taux de mortalité était de 2,5 fois plus élevé chez les femelles qui couvaient leurs oeufs en milieu terrestre, tandis qu'il a était à son plus bas niveau saisonnier au moment de l'élevage des jeunes en milieu aquatique. Le taux de mortalité a aussi varié en fonction de la date : il était à son maximum au moment où de nombreux Canards colverts nichaient, ce qui laisse croire que le changement de proies dans la diète des prédateurs communs pourrait exacerber le risque de mortalité chez les femelles à toutes les étapes de la nidification. Même si les efforts investis dans la ponte et l'incubation ont eu un effet sur le taux de mortalité, la plupart des relations n'étaient pas conformes aux prédictions de l'hypothèse des coûts de la reproduction; les femelles qui ont grandement investi dans la production d'oeufs ...

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Review and Meta‐Analysis of Camera Effects on Avian Nest Success

Cited by 148 publications

References 66 publications

Anthropogenic resource subsidies decouple predator–prey relationships

Anthropogenic resource subsidies decouple predator–prey relationships

Effects of habitat and livestock on nest productivity of the Asian houbara Chlamydotis macqueenii in Bukhara Province, Uzbekistan

Costs of Reproduction in Breeding Female Mallards: Predation Risk during Incubation Drives Annual Mortality

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