Reversion of Fertilizer Nitrogen in Soils

Broadbent, F. E.; Nakashima, T.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1967.03615995003100050013x

Cited by 40 publications

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“…Once incorporated into the o:rganic fraction, the residual effect is much less proounced. This observation agrees with earlier work on the mineralization of labeled N incorporated into the organic fraction through microbial immobilization (Broadbent and Nakashima, 1967). Allen,et al (197~1) found 15 to 20% of 15 N-labeled N still present in the organic fraction of a field soil 5 years after the time of application.…”

Section: Hanford Sitesupporting

confidence: 91%

Residual Effects of Labeled N in Field Trials¹

Broadbent

1980

Agronomy Journal

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Field trials utilizing 15N‐depleted fertilizer were conducted over a 6‐year period at two locations for the purpose of providing as complete an accounting as possible of N in the soil‐plant‐water system under conditions of irrigated agriculture. These trials permitted measurement of residual effects while continuing a constant rate of N application, and also after applications were discontinued. On Yolo fine sandy loam (Typic xerorthent) residual value of the previous year's fertilizer varied from negligible to 23% of the total crop uptake depending on N rate and amount of irrigation water applied. These values were equivalent to 5 to 91 kg N/ha of a current year's N application. In Hanford sandy loam (Typic xerorthent) 51 to 60% of the N in a corn (Zea mays L.) crop was labeled N in the year following discontinuance of N application and about 32% in the second year. Most of the residual N subsequently utilized by a crop was in the inorganic form. There was little evidence of remineralization of labeled organic N. At fertilizer rates that were adequate, but not excessive, for maximum grain yield coupled with adequate irrigation water the residual N was equivalent to 3 to 24 kg/ha. It is concluded that with efficient management which avoids overfertilization, the value of residual N is not sufficient to affect application rates. Substantial quantities of residual N reflected overfertilization and/or insufficient irrigation water in previous years.

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Section: Hanford Sitesupporting

confidence: 91%

Residual Effects of Labeled N in Field Trials¹

Broadbent

1980

Agronomy Journal

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“…This ratio is similar to the availability ratio (Broadbent and Nakashima, 1967) and indicates the lability of the residue-derived N relatively to the indigenous soil organic N. The closer the ratio is to 1 the more similar is the lability of residue-derived N to the lability of the indigenous soil N pool. This ratio is similar to the availability ratio (Broadbent and Nakashima, 1967) and indicates the lability of the residue-derived N relatively to the indigenous soil organic N. The closer the ratio is to 1 the more similar is the lability of residue-derived N to the lability of the indigenous soil N pool.…”

Section: Stabilization Of Residue-derived Nsupporting

confidence: 61%

Compared cycling in a soil-plant system of pea and barley residue nitrogen

Jensen

1996

Plant Soil

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Field experiments were carried out on a temperate soil to determine the decline rate, the stabilization in soil organic matter and the plant uptake of N from 15N-labelled crop residues. The fate of N from field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) residues was followed in unplanted and planted plots and related to their chemical composition. In the top 10 cm of unplanted plots, inorganic N was immobilized after barley residue incorporation, whereas the inorganic N pool was increased during the initial 30 days after incorporation (DAI) of pea residues. Initial net mineralization of N was highly correlated to the concentrations of soluble C and N and the lignin:N ratio of residues. The contribution of residue-derived N to the inorganic N pool was at its maximum 30 DAI (10-55%) and declined to on average 5% after 3 years of decomposition.Residual organic labelled N in the top 10 cm soil declined rapidly during the initial 86 DAI for all residue types. Leaching of soluble organic materials may have contributed to this decline. At 216 DAI 72, 59 and 45% of the barley, mature pea and green pea residue N, respectively, were present in organic N-forms in the topsoil. During the 1-3 year period, residual organic labelled N from different residues declined at similar rates, mean decay constant: 0.18 yr -I . After 3 years, 45% of the barley and on average 32% of the pea residue N were present as soil organic N. The proportion of residue N remaining in the soil after 3 years of decomposition was most strongly correlated with the total and soluble N concentrations in the residue. The ratio (% inorganic N derived from residues):(% organic N derived from residues) was used as a measure of the rate residue N stabilization. From initial values of 3-7 the ratios declined to on average 1.9 and 1.6 after 2 and 3 yrs, respectively, indicating that a major part of the residue N was stabilized after 2 years of decomposition. Even though the largest proportion of residue N stabilized after 3 years was found for barley, the largest amount of residue N stabilized was found with incorporation of pea residues, since much more N was incorporated with these residues.In planted plots and after one year of decomposition, 7% of the pea and 5% of the barley residue N were recovered in perennial ryegrass (Loliumperenne L.) shoots. After 2 years the cumulative recovery of residue N in ryegrass shoots and roots was 14% for pea and 15% for barley residue N. The total uptake of non-labelled soil N after 2 years of growth was similar in the two residue treatments, but the amount of soil N taken up in each growth period varied between the treatments, apparently because the soil N immobilized during initial decomposition of residues was remineralized later in the barley than in the pea residue treatment. Balances were established for the amounts of barley and mature pea residue N remaining in the 0-10 cm soil layer and taken up in ryegrass after 2 years of decomposition. About 24% of the barley and 35% of the pea residue N were u...

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“…However, the observation that labelled maize material was an important source of plant N-uptake in the 1991/92 season indicates that the low recovery of fertilizer-N that is caused by immobilization (as in the 1990/91 season) may not be a real limitation to N availability since soil nitrogen is simultaneously released from the organic pool as fertilizer-N is immobilized (Broadbent and Nakashima 1967;Hiltbolt et al, 1950;Jansson and Persson, 1982;Jenkinson et al, 1985).…”

Section: Plant Recovery Of Fertilizer-nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching and crop recovery of15N from ammonium sulphate and labelled maize (Zea mays) material in lysimeters at a site in Zimbabwe

Kamukondiwa

Bergström

1994

Plant Soil

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The fate of 15N-ammonium sulphate fertilizer that was applied to four lysimeters in the 1990/91 summer was studied over three consecutive growing seasons during which either maize or wheat was grown. Aboveground portions of tSN-labelled maize plants from the first harvest were applied to four other lysimeters at 5 t ha -1. Two lysimeters in each of the sets of four were assigned a low and a high moisture treatment using irrigation. In both moisture treatments, plant recovery of fertilizer-15N in the first season was 27 % and a further 2% was recovered by plants during the next two seasons. During the second and third seasons, total recovery of 15N by aboveground plant portions from lysimeters that received t5N-labelled maize material was equivalent to 2.5% of applied fertilizer-15N. This corresponded to ca. 18% recovery of the 15N added in maize material. Leaching of fertilizer-N over the three growing seasons did not exceed 0.3% in total. During the first season, a maximum of 0.25 kg N ha -I , equivalent to 0.25% of the applied fertilizer-N, was leached in the high moisture treatment. This represented 1.8% of the nitrate load in leachates. Less than 0.002% of the applied fertilizer-N was leached in the low moisture treatment during the first season.

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Reversion of Fertilizer Nitrogen in Soils

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

Residual Effects of Labeled N in Field Trials¹

Residual Effects of Labeled N in Field Trials¹

Compared cycling in a soil-plant system of pea and barley residue nitrogen

Leaching and crop recovery of15N from ammonium sulphate and labelled maize (Zea mays) material in lysimeters at a site in Zimbabwe

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Reversion of Fertilizer Nitrogen in Soils

Cited by 40 publications

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Residual Effects of Labeled N in Field Trials1

Residual Effects of Labeled N in Field Trials1

Compared cycling in a soil-plant system of pea and barley residue nitrogen

Leaching and crop recovery of15N from ammonium sulphate and labelled maize (Zea mays) material in lysimeters at a site in Zimbabwe

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Residual Effects of Labeled N in Field Trials¹

Residual Effects of Labeled N in Field Trials¹