Reversible Silver Electrodeposition from Boron Cluster Ionic Liquid (BCIL) Electrolytes

Dziedzic, Rafal M.; Waddington, Mary A.; Lee, Sarah E.; Kleinsasser, Jack F.; Plumley, John B.; Ewing, William C.; Bosley, Beth D.; Lavallo, Vincent; Peng, Thomas L.; Spokoyny, Alexander M.

doi:10.1021/acsami.7b19302

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Ionic liquid electrolytes feature an ultralarge electrochemical window, low volatility, sufficient metal ion concentration for electrodeposition, high conductivity, and a wide working temperature range, making them the most promising type for RMEDs. [53,[82][83][84] Park et al utilized the dense double layer formed on the electrode surface by the ionic liquid to protect the metal layer from the corrosion of oxidative ions in the electrolyte and achieved a 2 h open-circuit stability in a Ag-based RMED, as illustrated in Figure 4a. However, a longer deposition time was also needed.…”

Section: Ionic Liquid Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little has been reported on IR modulation using RMEDs based on ITO electrodes, and the change in emissivity is very limited. [ 82 ] The first RMED working in the IR region was reported in 2008, which used a Au grid/Pt IR‐transparent electrode, with an emittance change of up to 0.53. However, because of the relatively poor conductivity of the areas between the Au grids, a long switching time is required.…”

Section: Rmeds Working In the Ir Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reversible Metal Electrodeposition Devices: An Emerging Approach to Effective Light Modulation and Thermal Management

Tao

Liu

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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light-emitting devices. Chromogenic materials and devices are widely used in smart windows and paper-like displays, particularly electrochromic materials, which can be actively and reliably controlled because they only respond to electrical stimuli. [11][12][13][14][15] Reversible metal electrodeposition device (RMED) is a novel type of electrochromic devices that can switch from transparent to opaque state by the electrodeposition of a metal layer onto the transparent electrode, and switch back to transparent state by the dissolution of the metal layer. The appearance and disappearance of the metal layer cause the color change of RMEDs. They take advantage of the unique optical properties of thin metal films with different thicknesses and morphologies to allow for excellent light modulation, thermal management, and display effects. The switchability of electrochromic devices between not only transparent and tinted states (including black, red, yellow, blue, etc.) but also the mirror state is advantageous, because this allows them to choose the optimal working mode as desired, and thus to function more effectively for multiple tasks. Owing to its high extinction coefficient, a thin metal film with a thickness of a few tens of nanometers would be completely opaque and highly reflective like bulk metals. [16] Research has also shown that the reflectance of RMEDs in the visible and infrared (IR) regions can reach ≈100% [17] and 90%, [18] respectively. Because RMEDs utilize the reversible deposition of metals to change their color, without a fixed electrochromic layer, their structure would be much simpler than that of typical electrochromic devices. The wide reflectance modulation range and simple device structure of RMEDs render them distinct from other electrochromic devices. The best performance reported for RMEDs are listed in Table 1.In the last century and the first decade of the 21th century, sustained efforts have been invested to apply the reversible electrodeposition mechanism to display devices. [19][20][21][22][23][24] In recent years, research on RMEDs has been progressing owing to their potential applications in energy-saving fields, especially in light modulation [8,[25][26][27][28] and thermal management. [18,29,30] Ag, Bi, and Cu are the most widely studied metals for reversible electrodeposition because of their high reversibility and the use of hazard-free electrolytes. The reversible electrodeposition of Au, [31] Zn, [32] Pb [8] and other metals is rarely reported due to their poor reversibility or the need for hazardous electrolytes.The reversible metal electrodeposition device (RMED) is a novel electrochromic application that utilizes the appearance and disappearance of a metal layer to achieve spectrum control. A thin metal film with a thickness of a few tens of nanometers would be highly reflective in the visible and infrared region, making it an ideal material to achieve light and heat modulation. Because of their outstanding spectrum control ability, RMEDs can be applied to displays, smart ...

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Section: Ionic Liquid Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rmeds Working In the Ir Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Metal Electrodeposition Devices: An Emerging Approach to Effective Light Modulation and Thermal Management

Tao

Liu

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coloration times (τ c ) of the EC device were longer than those of the devices without IL under the same driving voltage, possibly attributed to the high viscosity of ILs (Figure S4, Supporting Information), which can hinder the diffusion of ions and cause low ionic conductivity, and thus slow the growth of the metallic film during electro-deposition process. [74,75,[78][79][80][81][82] By sequentially applying −2.5 V (10 s), 1 V (15 s), 2.5 V (20 s), and −1 V (15 s) to the EC devices, the cycle stability of the three operating states was further investigated. Figure 4 shows the transmittance changes at 633 nm during the reversible electrodeposition and dissolution for 1500 cycles.…”

Section: The Optical Modulation and Electrochemical Property Of The B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bistable Silver Electrodeposition‐Based Electrochromic Device with Reversible Three‐State Optical Transformation By Using WO₃ Nanoislands Modified ITO Electrode

Yin

Zhu

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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properties when the ions are interspersed. However, most EC devices based on these nonmetal materials can only obtain the transformation between two colors and cannot achieve the reflective mirror optical state. The second exploits reversible electrodeposition by depositing and dissolving metal (Ag, Bi, Cu, Ni, Pb, and others) onto a transparent conducting substrate to modulate its optical properties. [1,2,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] For the electrodeposition-based EC systems, the device structures mainly consist of two opposite transparent electrodes with an electrolyte in-between. The metal dissolved in the electrolyte will be deposited on the electrode surface when voltage is applied to the electrodes. In turn, the deposited metal will be dissolved into the electrolyte again when the power turned off. By this means, the EC device can change its transmittance and reflectance reversibly.In electrodeposition-based EC devices, the difficulty of coating deposition and dissolution determines the reversibility and response speed of optical changes. In this category, Ag-Cu deposition devices have been the most extensively studied. [8,13,33,[52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66] Compared with that produced by Ag alone, Cu can promote reversibility and make the codeposition pattern flatter. For example, Araki et al. have developed a novel reversible metal deposition device with three optical state by introducing indium tin oxide (ITO) particles on a flat indium thin oxide electrode. [52] Onodera et al. prepared glare tunable EC device exhibiting reversible optical transformation between transparent, mirror and black states originating from rough and smooth indium-tin oxide films, deposited by spray pyrolysis chemical vapor deposition and without any treatment. [8] Jeong et al. proposed an effective approach to enhance the optical properties of the EC device by using the 3D hierarchical ITO branches, which was due to the localized surface plasmon resonance. [61] However, due to some key issues such as a lack of bistability in reflection/transmission and poor stability of the mirror/black state, none has been widely available. Thus, there are still very important challenges in developing silver electrodeposition-based EC device with long memory effects to maintain the mirror/black states without power supply. As stated clearly in the literature, the poor bistability of such EC devices is mainly due to the oxidation of metallic silver to soluble AgBr n (1−n) then to Ag( I ). [67,68] Cu ions A bistable electrochromic (EC) device which can reversibly transform between transparent, mirror, and black states based on reversible metal Ag electrodeposition is achieved by introducing 1) a (3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane (MPTMS)-treated indium-tin-oxide (ITO) glass electrode modified with WO 3 nanoislands (WNs) as the rough surface and 2) ionic liquids (IL) into electrolyte to form an anion-blocking layer, toward achieving long-term memory performance. ...

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A Bistable Variable Infrared Emissivity Device Based on Reversible Silver Electrodeposition

Tao

Liu

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Reversible silver electrodeposition (RSE) can dynamically modulate visible light and infrared radiation through the reversible electrodeposition and dissolution of silver layer. However, the RSE device with bistability better than 2 h has not been reported, because the deposited silver layer may dissolve automatically without driving voltage. Here, a variable infrared emissivity device based on RSE with 24 h excellent bistability is demonstrated. A silver layer fixed at the counter electrode is used as the charge mediator, which reforms the electrochemical reactions of the counter electrode and is the key for obtaining bistability. Effects of electrolyte composition and driving voltage on the bistability are studied, and the driving voltage affects the bistability of RSE devices. This RSE device can be enlarged to 5 × 5 cm 2 with uniform emissivity change of 0.48 in 2.5-25 µm using silicon wafer as the infrared transparent working electrode substrate, and display discontinuous thermal patterns through incorporating a dielectric pattern layer. The cyclability and device failure mechanism is analyzed. With the excellent bistability, the proposed RSE devices provide great application prospects in the fields of dynamic infrared information display, adaptive infrared camouflage, and smart thermal management.

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Reversible Silver Electrodeposition from Boron Cluster Ionic Liquid (BCIL) Electrolytes

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Reversible Metal Electrodeposition Devices: An Emerging Approach to Effective Light Modulation and Thermal Management

Reversible Metal Electrodeposition Devices: An Emerging Approach to Effective Light Modulation and Thermal Management

Bistable Silver Electrodeposition‐Based Electrochromic Device with Reversible Three‐State Optical Transformation By Using WO₃ Nanoislands Modified ITO Electrode

A Bistable Variable Infrared Emissivity Device Based on Reversible Silver Electrodeposition

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Reversible Silver Electrodeposition from Boron Cluster Ionic Liquid (BCIL) Electrolytes

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Reversible Metal Electrodeposition Devices: An Emerging Approach to Effective Light Modulation and Thermal Management

Reversible Metal Electrodeposition Devices: An Emerging Approach to Effective Light Modulation and Thermal Management

Bistable Silver Electrodeposition‐Based Electrochromic Device with Reversible Three‐State Optical Transformation By Using WO3 Nanoislands Modified ITO Electrode

A Bistable Variable Infrared Emissivity Device Based on Reversible Silver Electrodeposition

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Bistable Silver Electrodeposition‐Based Electrochromic Device with Reversible Three‐State Optical Transformation By Using WO₃ Nanoislands Modified ITO Electrode