Reversible Data Hiding in Binary Images by Symmetrical Flipping Degree Histogram Modification

Reversible data hiding in encrypted binary image with shared pixel prediction and halving compression

“…Comparing with previous schemes for binary images, Wang's scheme can further improve the embedding capacity under the same embedding distortion. Yin et al [21] employed symmetrical flipping degree histogram modification to design a reversible data hiding scheme in binary image. In this scheme, the symmetrical flipping degree (SFD) is first calculated to decide whether the secret data can be embedded, and then, the SFD histogram is used to find the embeddable blocks in the original image.…”

“…In this subsection, we carry out a series of experiments to compare the proposed scheme with five existing RDH schemes in binary image, Zhang's method [20], Ren's method [24], Nguyen's method [22], Wang's method [23], and Yin's method [21]. Notably, in these RDH Table 3 Scrambling analysis with GDD measure for the proposed scheme and Ren's scheme [24].…”

“…Fig. 12 Overall performance comparison between PSNR and embedding rate for six different RDH schemes in binary image Table 4 Average maximum embedding rate (MER) for six RDH schemes by using the large-scale image database BOSSBase Scheme Proposed Ren [24] Zhang [20] Nguyen [22] W a n g [ 23] Y i n [ 21] MER (bpp) 0.806 0.736 0.006 0.305 0.151 0.003…”

“…Although a considerable amount of RDH literature has been published on binary images, such as [20][21][22][23]. However, in these literatures, the developments mainly focus on plaintext binary images, while for encrypted binary images, too little RDH work has been devoted [24].…”