Reverse-burn gasification for treatment of hazardous wastes: contaminated soil, mixed wastes, and spent activated carbon regeneration

Kinner, Laura L.; McGowin, Audrey E.; Manahan, Stanley E.; Larsen, David W.

doi:10.1021/es00040a005

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The ChemChar gasification process (10,(12)(13)(14)(15) used in these studies is a cocurrent flow gasification system, meaning that the oxygen, steam, and char are introduced through the top of the reactor and the products exit through the bottom. In a batch mode of operation, the thermochemical gasification zone is initiated at the bottom of the reactor and travels upward until it reaches the top.…”

Section: Cocurrent Flow Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron-Catalyzed Cocurrent Flow Destruction and Dechlorination of Chlorobenzene During Gasification

Morlando

Manahan

Larsen

1997

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Iron-treated char was used in an attempt to catalyze chlorobenzene destruction in the ChemChar thermal waste gasification process. The contribution to the destruction removal efficiency (DRE) of chlorobenzene from gasification per se was increased from 99.75% when char was used in the gasifier bed to >99.99% when char treated with iron was used. This clearly satisfies the EPA requirement of 99.99% (4-nines) destruction. Furthermore, other operations in the total system including condensation of condensable matter from the gas stream, filtration of the dried gas over a char filter, and secondary combustion of the product gas contribute to additional removal of unreacted parent compound and byproducts, so that the DRE should easily be increased to 99.9999% (6-nines). The primary mechanism for chlorobenzene dechlorination was determined to involve the reduction of chlorobenzene by reaction with nascent hydrogen. Nascent hydrogen is produced through the water-gas shift reaction, which is believed to be catalyzed by FeO on the iron-treated char surface. Direct electron transfer from the reductive iron surface is also believed to contribute to dechlorination, however, to a lesser extent.

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Section: Cocurrent Flow Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron-Catalyzed Cocurrent Flow Destruction and Dechlorination of Chlorobenzene During Gasification

Morlando

Manahan

Larsen

1997

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Resin beads may be imbedded in a polymer matrix (e.g., vinyl ester styrene) with minimal volume increase . The resin matrix may be destroyed by thermal treatment; the ChemChar process has shown to destroy anion-exchange resin loaded with T c -m , with 99.9% retention of Tc retained on the char/ash residue (Kinner et al 1993). Spent organic ionexchange resin is a good candidate for destruction by the molten salt process; the relatively low operating temperature and the ionic molten salt should enhance retention of pertechnetate in the melt (Del Cul et aL 1993).…”

Section: Secondary W a S T Ementioning

confidence: 99%

In situ treatment of mixed contaminants in groundwater: Review of candidate processes

Korte

Siegrist

Ally³

1994

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, a research and development project was initiated to study in situ treatment of groundwater using recirculation-well networks coupled with in situ treatment modules. This project, entitled "In Situ Treatment of Mixed Contaminants in Groundwater," is funded by the In Situ Remediation Integrated Program (ISR IP) within the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Technology Development (OTD). Conceived as a three-year effort, the project involves several key research elements, including treatment-process evaluation and screening, hydrodynamic flow and transport modeling, bench-and pilot-scale experimentation, and full-scale field demonstration at a DOE site. This document d e s c r i i the methods and results of the initial evaluation and screening phase of the project. In this work, candidate treatment processes were identified that appeared to have potential for adaptation and incorporation into an in si& groundwater treatment system wherein treatment modules are coupled with recirculation wells. To guide the evaluation and screening effort, major groundwater plumes at the DOE Portsmouth, Ohio, and Paducah, Kentucky, sites were chosen as primary candidates for an eventual field demonstration. The key groundwater contaminants, trichloroethylene (TCE) and technetium-%, are the primary targets used in evaluating the treatment potential of various candidate processes. This evaluation and screening effort led to selection of a set of promising treatment processes for initial study. These processes were selected from those that were commercially available or emerging, appeared compatible with an in situ treatment module system, and offered a high probability of successful performance in that application. However, it is envisioned that as the project evolves, there will be opportunities for testing additional processes, including some that appeared promising but were not sufficiently developed to include in any project planning at this time. In addition, it is recognized that physical settings and contamination scenarios different from those at the Portsmouth and Paducah sites are important to DOE (e.g., Hanford), and it is intended that the results of this project will have at least some application to those conditions as well. The work d e s c r i i herein could not have been accomplished without the sponsorship of DOE'S ISR IP or the valuable contributions of many individuals. DOE and these project contributors are gratefully acknowledged for their support and participation. xi 1. INTRoDucIlON This document describes the screening and preliminary evaluation of candidate treatment processes for use in treating mixed contaminants [volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and radionuclides] in groundwater. The project, initiated in October 1993, is funded by the Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Technology Development (OTD) and is an extension of prior work with the DOE International Technology Exchange Program (ITEP). Prior work identified vertical recirculation technologies as potentially applicable to groundwater c...

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“…Combustion/incineration. Kinner et at. (1993) described a reverse-burn gasification process that employs secondary combustion of the product gases to treat hazardous wastes.…”

Section: Thermal Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazardous waste treatment technologies

Kim¹,

Gee²

1994

Water Environment Research

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Reverse-burn gasification for treatment of hazardous wastes: contaminated soil, mixed wastes, and spent activated carbon regeneration

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Iron-Catalyzed Cocurrent Flow Destruction and Dechlorination of Chlorobenzene During Gasification

Iron-Catalyzed Cocurrent Flow Destruction and Dechlorination of Chlorobenzene During Gasification

In situ treatment of mixed contaminants in groundwater: Review of candidate processes

Hazardous waste treatment technologies

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