Revelation of high-adsorption-performance activated carbon for removal of fluoroquinolone antibiotics from water

Extensive sorption of Amoxicillin by highly efficient carbon-based adsorbent from palm kernel: Artificial neural network modeling

“…Similar to our study, the removal of Tetracycline by FONP-PAC followed the Elovich kinetic model with R 2 = 0.996 [ 40 ]. Also, the removal of fluoroquinolones and ibuprofen is followed by the Elovich model [ 41 , 72 ]. For pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, R 2 was 0.985 and 0.995, respectively.…”

“…The Elovich kinetic describes the adsorption process as a group of reaction mechanisms, such as surface diffusion, active catalytic surfaces and adsorption onto the active site of adsorbent [ 40 ]. In this model, the energy of the adsorbent surface is heterogeneously distributed and the adsorption kinetics, in low surface coverage, is not affected by the interaction or repulsion between the molecules of the adsorbent surface [ 41 ]. The kinetic of IPD examines the mass transfer of adsorbed molecules from the bulk solution to the external surface of the adsorbent, the mass transfer of the adsorbed material to the internal surface of the adsorbent and finally, their absorption on the active sites of the adsorbent [ 42 ].…”

A review of the adsorption method for norfloxacin reduction from aqueous media

“…This could be attributed to the fact that biochar and activated carbon are characterized by irregular lamellar structure, which enhances its heterogeneous surface to promote multilayer adsorption of NRFX [3,114,141]. Aside Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm, a few other equilibrium models which effectively described NRFX adsorption include Redlich-Peterson [ 16 , 80 , 108 , 183 ], Sips [ 5 , 14 , 104 ], Dubinin-Astakhov [ 91 , 111 ], Koble-Corrigan [ 102 , 120 ], Polanyi-Manes [157] , and Temkin [134] .…”

“…From the data collected for kinetics in Table 4 and the associated pie chart in Fig. 3 (b), it is apparent that the adsorption of NRFX is best described by pseudo-second order (PSO) model, while a few works (16%) reported the superiority of other models [ 36 , 98 , 133 , 135 , 13 , 132 , 141 , 183 ].…”

Trends in removal of pharmaceuticals in contaminated water using waste coffee and tea‐based materials with their derivatives

“…Nonetheless, a few studies have successfully converted coffee and tea residue materials to ACs, which were evaluated for their uptake of pharmaceuticals from water (Bednárek et al, 2022; Kan et al, 2017b; Rovani et al, 2016; Wong, Lee, et al, 2018; Wong, Lim, et al, 2018). Generally, the production of ACs entails two processes, the activation and carbonization.…”