Revealing the three-dimensional filler structure in a rubber matrix based on fluorescein modified layered double hydroxides

Du, Miao; Du, Ming; Xiao, Jianliang; Song, Yihu; Zheng, Qiang

doi:10.1039/c6ra25496a

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In addition to the main carbon elements, CB also had other elements, including oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur, in the form of hydroxyl, carboxyl or other groups. [ 32,33 ] The hydroxyl groups (‐OH) in Zn‐oG‐C 3 could combine with the carboxyl groups on the surface of CB particles. In addition, Zn‐oG‐C 3 is uniformly dispersed in the rubber matrix, which in turn enhances the filler–rubber interaction and consequently reduces the Payne effect, which is a symbol of dynamic heat generation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low heat generation from organic zinc as a curing activator in rubber and rubber composites under large strain

Wang

Shan

et al. 2021

Nano Select

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ZnO is a conventional activator in sulfur curing systems, but its excessive release can cause adverse effects to the human body and the environment. Using organic zinc instead of zinc oxide not only decreases the amount of zinc but also disperses the zinc into the natural rubber (NR) matrix more effectively. The results showed that the six organic zinc compounds accelerated the curing process and weakened the Payne effect compared to those with ZnO. Dynamic frequency scan tests of the vulcanizates in linear (small strain) and nonlinear (large strain) viscoelastic regions were performed. Different from that at small strain, there was a great change in the storage modulus, loss modulus and loss factor at large strain. For unfilled NR, the systems with zinc oleate, zinc 2-ethylhexanoate and zinc acetate as activators showed a weaker Payne effect and low heat generation because of the homogeneous dispersion. For NR/CB (carbon black) composites, the systems with zinc acetate, zinc o-glycerol and zinc 2-ethylhexanoate showed a weaker Payne effect and low heat generation at large strain and high frequency due to the homogeneous dispersion and the strong interaction with CB particles. These results will help to clarify the advantages of organic zinc instead of zinc oxide in reducing heat generation for rubber products.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low heat generation from organic zinc as a curing activator in rubber and rubber composites under large strain

Wang

Shan

et al. 2021

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“…Lv et al [133] modified the surface of Mg-Al LDH using fluorescein sodium salt (FLU-LDH) and used it to study the nonlinear viscoelastic behaviour and filler structure in SBR. The fluorescent nature of the modifier enabled the authors to visualise the threedimensional filler network structure under strain.…”

Section: Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (Nbr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 9 summarises the effect of various LDHs on the properties of SSBR and SBR. The study by Lv et al [133] was omitted as no mechanical property data were explicitly reported. NR can be chemically modified to make ENR.…”

Section: Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (Nbr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Literature Review of the Effect of Layered Double Hydroxides on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber

Tonder

Labuschagne

2021

Polymers

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Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have attracted interest as reinforcing fillers in elastomers due to their ease of synthesis and customisability. A systematic review was performed on the effect of LDHs on the mechanical properties of elastomers using the Scopus database. Of the 61 articles relevant to the search criteria, the majority were published on polyurethane (PU) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). Mg-Al LDH was used in most of the studies and Zn-Al LDH was used second most common. LDH can act as a reinforcing filler, typically increasing tensile strength even at low concentrations, so it could be used as an alternative to traditional reinforcing fillers for elastomers. LDH can also be made a functional filler by selecting the right metals and interlayer anions. It was found that Mg-Al LDH and Zn-Al LDH can both participate in crosslinking reactions and can replace MgO and ZnO, respectively. Less Zn ions are required for crosslinking when LDH is used than when ZnO is used, making LDH more environmentally friendly. Organic modification is usually required to improve compatibility with the elastomer matrix, especially in non-polar elastomers. It enables exfoliation of the LDH and intercalation of polymer chains into the LDH interlayer to occur. Organic modifiers can also be used to functionalise the LDH. Stearic acid used in crosslinking systems can be replaced by stearate anions from stearate-modified LDH.

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Influence of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene liquid on rheology of fumed silica filled cis-polybutadiene rubber

Zhang

Song

et al. 2019

Polymer

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Revealing the three-dimensional filler structure in a rubber matrix based on fluorescein modified layered double hydroxides

Abstract: A facile fluorescent labeling method was developed to track the filler structural evolution in a rubber matrix, which could be helpful in understanding the Payne effect in the filled compounds.

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

Low heat generation from organic zinc as a curing activator in rubber and rubber composites under large strain

Low heat generation from organic zinc as a curing activator in rubber and rubber composites under large strain

Systematic Literature Review of the Effect of Layered Double Hydroxides on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber

Influence of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene liquid on rheology of fumed silica filled cis-polybutadiene rubber

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