Revealing the impact of forest exotic plantations on water yield in large scale watersheds in South-Central Chile

Little, Christian; Lara, Antonio; McPhee, James; Urrutia, R.

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.06.011

Cited by 173 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In addition to the relatively sparse canopy of mature P. patula trees, the relatively low ET in the mature P. patula stand was in part attributable to previous selective logging activities that had reduced stand basal area. Thus, from a purely hydrologic services standpoint, planting of native pine trees on degraded pasture areas at this site did not produce a dramatic increase in ET or reductions in water yield, in contrast to findings reported elsewhere (Farley et al 2005, Buytaert et al 2007, Huber et al 2008, Wang et al 2008, Little et al 2009). Notwithstanding, the higher infiltration rates recorded for pine stands versus grazed pasture suggests a positive impact of pine reforestation on soil hydraulic properties, which should enhance subsurface recharge and therefore baseflow as long as ET losses remain comparable (Muñoz-Villers et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Interactions between payments for hydrologic services, landowner decisions, and ecohydrological consequences: synergies and disconnection in the cloud forest zone of central Veracruz, Mexico

Asbjornsen¹,

Manson²,

Scullion³

et al. 2017

E&S

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. 2017. Interactions between payments for hydrologic services, landowner decisions, and ecohydrological consequences: synergies and disconnection in the cloud forest zone of central Veracruz, Mexico. ABSTRACT. Payments for Hydrologic Services (PHS) programs are increasingly used as a policy tool to provide incentives for upstream landowners to adopt land use activities that favor sustainable provision of high-quality water to downstream areas. However, the effectiveness of PHS programs in achieving their objectives and the potential for unintended (often undesirable) consequences remain poorly understood. We integrate results from ecohydrological and socioeconomic research to explore the impact of Mexico's PHS program on the target hydrologic services and people's decisions, behavior, and knowledge regarding forest conservation and water. Using central Veracruz as our case study, we identify areas of both synchrony and disconnection between PHS goals and outcomes. Mature and regenerating cloud forests (targeted by PHS) were found to produce enhanced hydrologic services relative to areas converted to pasture, including reduced peak flows during large rain events and maintenance of dry-season base flows. However, unexpectedly, these hydrologic benefits from cloud forests were not necessarily greater than those from other vegetation types. Consequently, the location of forests in strategic watershed positions (e.g., where deforestation risk or hydrologic recharge are high) may be more critical than forest type in promoting hydrologic functions within watersheds and should be considered when targeting PHS payments. While our results suggest that participation in PHS improved the level of knowledge among watershed inhabitants about forest-water relationships, a mismatch existed between payment amounts and landowner opportunity costs, which may contribute to the modest success in targeting priority areas within watersheds. Combined, these findings underscore the complexity of factors that influence motivations for PHS participation and land use decisions and behavior, and the importance of integrating understanding of both ecohydrological and socioeconomic dynamics into PHS design and implementation. We conclude by identifying opportunities for improving the design of PHS programs and recommending priority areas for future research and monitoring, both in Mexico and globally.

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Interactions between payments for hydrologic services, landowner decisions, and ecohydrological consequences: synergies and disconnection in the cloud forest zone of central Veracruz, Mexico

Asbjornsen¹,

Manson²,

Scullion³

et al. 2017

E&S

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“…El suministro de agua como servicio ecosistémico depende de la cuenca hidrográfica, lugar donde se conjugan los elementos que conforman un ecosistema y se desarrollan los procesos que la regulan. Por lo tanto, la estructura, funcionamiento y estado de conservación de la cuenca determinarán en qué medida se concreta la provisión de este servicio (Little et al 2009). Las zonas ribereñas, son buena fuente de provisión de agua de mejor calidad, de valor paisajístico y turístico, además de cumplir funciones ecológicas como corredores biológicos y sustentadores de la biodiversidad, lo que las hace elementos claves para apoyar la decisión de protegerlas aún más, diseñando estrategias de manejo destinadas a un uso más eficiente y racional de estos servicios (Fernández et al 2009).…”

Section: Ds Nº 192 De 1998unclassified

“…En este sentido Lara et al (2003Lara et al ( , 2010, Little et al (2009) y Huber et al (2010 han mostrado que las microcuencas con porcentajes mayores de cobertura con plantaciones exóticas, producen un menor caudal estival que las cuencas con una cubierta mayor de especies nativas, afectando actividades productivas. Al respecto, las consecuencias de la introducción de estas especies (exóticas) pueden variar, desde provocar un ligero cambio en la composición de especies, hasta la extinción de plantas nativas, que generaría una profunda modificación del ecosistema (Parker y Reichard 1997, Sirombra y Mesa 2010.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Zonas ribereñas: protección, restauración y contexto legal en Chile

et al. 2014

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SUMMARYRiparian zones are ecosystems dependent on courses or water bodies with a variable array of vegetation immersed in watersheds. These areas perform essential functions to the preservation of ecosystems and their spatial relations, influencing species richness and natural beauty, while providing goods and services for biodiversity and human welfare. Therefore, in any territorial unit, it is necessary to place the quality and relevance of riparian systems into context, given their importance as economic resources and providers of ecosystem services. However, the evaluation of the conservation status of these systems implies collecting those aspects that allow carrying out activities under current environmental regulations, guarantying the safekeeping of these systems in the long term. This paper explores the relevance of riparian zones in general and their participation in current Chilean legislation, with the aim of providing further information on their restoration and conservation. Chilean legislation identifies riparian zones as associated with ecosystem protection, but some weaknesses have been identified regarding the incorporation of the concept of restoration and the lack of financial incentives to carry out better protection. National Government should consider as a goal to create or adapt norms that allow protection as well as restoration of riparian systems, which would provide long-term viability to these ecosystems and their functions.Key words: riparian vegetation, legislation, conservation, ecosystem services. RESUMENLas zonas ribereñas, son ecosistemas dependientes de cursos o cuerpos de agua con una matriz variable de vegetación, inmersos en cuencas hidrográficas. Estas zonas cumplen funciones esenciales para la preservación de ecosistemas y sus relaciones territoriales, influyendo en el paisaje en términos de riqueza y belleza natural, a la vez que suministran bienes y servicios para la biota y el bienestar humano. Por lo tanto, en cualquier unidad territorial, es necesario determinar la calidad e importancia de los ecosistemas ribereños, ya que constituyen una fuente de recursos económicos y servicios ecosistémicos. No obstante, la evaluación del estado de conservación de estos sistemas implica recabar aquellos aspectos que permitan la ejecución de actividades bajo la normativa ambiental vigente, garantizando el resguardo de estos sistemas en una perspectiva a largo plazo. En este documento se analiza la relevancia de las zonas ribereñas en Chile, considerando la legislación actual, con el objetivo de aportar antecedentes en torno a su restauración y conservación. Se concluye que la legislación chilena identifica zonas ribereñas asociadas a la función de protección, existiendo algunas deficiencias en lo que respecta al concepto de restauración, y la falta de incentivos económicos para llevar a cabo una mayor protección, siendo necesario que el Estado cree o adecue normas que permitan la preservación de los ecosistemas ribereños y su restauración, incluyendo los recursos para incentivar est...

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“…However, in the last four decades they have been replaced by exotic species, mainly Pinus radiata (D. Don) and Eucalyptus globulus (Labill), which have been steadily increased in the Chilean Mediterranean Zone (ChMZ) (Shulz et al 2010(Shulz et al , 2011CONAF 2011). For these species, an increase of up to 53% in the period 1975 -2000 has been registered, with an annual growth that reached 10.5% (Pizarro et al 2006;Little et al 2009) and currently representing more than 17% of the forest area of the country (CONAF 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf litter decomposition from native and non-native species in a freshwater forested wetland of Chile

Gómez-Capponi

Correa‐Araneda²,

Díaz³

et al. 2017

Gayana (Concepc.)

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Decomposition of leaf litter is a fundamental process for the functioning of forested wetlands. The rapid increment of forest plantations has involved a greater contribution of leaf litter of exotic origin to these ecosystems. The decomposition rate between leaf litter of native and exotic origin in a forested wetland of the Mediterranean zone of Chile was compared, as well as the contribution of bacteria and macroinvertebrate to this process. It was determined that the decomposition rate of the leaf litter presented signifi cant differences (p < 0.05) between species, being faster in those of non-native origin. This could be due to differences in ecophysiological aspects of the leaves like the presence of chemical compounds such as waxes or oils. Both analyzed communities were relevant in the studied process. However, bacteria contributed mostly to the decomposition of both types of leaves. The implications of the physical and chemical characteristics of the leaves and the water on the processing of the foliar material are discussed. KEYWORDS:Allochthonous detritus, bacteria, lentic ecosystem, macroinvertebrates. RESUMENEn los humedales boscosos, la descomposición de la hojarasca es un proceso fundamental para su funcionamiento. El rápido incremento de las plantaciones forestales ha implicado un mayor aporte de hojarasca de origen exótico a estos ecosistemas. Se comparó la tasa de descomposición entre hojarasca de origen nativo y exótico en un humedal boscoso de la zona Mediterránea de Chile, así como la contribución de las bacterias y macroinvertebrados a este proceso. Se determinó que la tasa de descomposición de la hojarasca presentó diferencias signifi cativas entre las diferentes especies (p < 0,05), siendo más rápido en especies de origen exótico. Esto podría ser dado por diferencias en algunos aspectos ecofi siológicos de las hojas como la presencia de compuestos químicos tales como ceras o aceites. Ambas comunidades analizadas fueron relevantes en el proceso estudiado. Sin embargo, las bacterias contribuyeron mayormente a la descomposición de ambos tipos de hojas. Se discuten las implicaciones de las características físicas y químicas de las hojas y el agua en el procesamiento del material foliar.

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Revealing the impact of forest exotic plantations on water yield in large scale watersheds in South-Central Chile

Cited by 173 publications

References 19 publications

Interactions between payments for hydrologic services, landowner decisions, and ecohydrological consequences: synergies and disconnection in the cloud forest zone of central Veracruz, Mexico

Interactions between payments for hydrologic services, landowner decisions, and ecohydrological consequences: synergies and disconnection in the cloud forest zone of central Veracruz, Mexico

Zonas ribereñas: protección, restauración y contexto legal en Chile

Leaf litter decomposition from native and non-native species in a freshwater forested wetland of Chile

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