Revealing the deep structure and rupture plane of the 2010 Maule, Chile earthquake (Mw=8.8) using wide angle seismic data

Moscoso, Eduardo; Grevemeyer, Ingo; Contreras‐Reyes, Eduardo; Flueh, Ernst R.; Dzierma, Yvonne; Rabbel, Wolfgang; Thorwart, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.04.025

Cited by 59 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In particular, the northern area of the Maule earthquake presents the main seismic asperity of the event according to the geodetical models (Lay et al, 2010;Moreno et al, 2010;Lorito et al, 2011;Pollitz et al, 2011). On the other hand, Dmowska et al (1988) and Ranero et al, 2005;Voelker et al, 2009;Moscoso et al, 2011). Note the SE-NW trending topographic pattern of the tectonic fabric formed at the East Pacific spreading center, which is overprinted by bending related faults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2A and 2B). The model was derived from wide angle seismic data, retrieved in 2008, and the structure of the overriding plate was interpreted by Moscoso et al (2011). Their results show that the ~6 km thick incoming oceanic crust is characterized by a reduction of lowermost crustal velocities from ~7.1 km/s to >6.8 km/s towards the trench (Fig.…”

Section: Outer Rise Faulting and Hydration Of The Upper Oceanic Lithomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1. Conceptual model of the relationship between coupled/ uncoupled subduction zones and outer rise earthquake mechanisms in central Chile, based in the model given by Moscoso et al (2011) and in the idealized mechanism proposed by Christensen and Ruff (1988). Compresional outer rise earthquakes are represented by black circles, extensional events are drawn as white circles and the black arrows show the orientations of the main stress axes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outer rise seismicity related to the Maule, Chile 2010 mega-thrust earthquake and hydration of the incoming oceanic lithosphere

Moscoso

Contreras‐Reyes

2012

andgeo

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ABSTRACT. Most of the recent published geodetic models of the 2010 Maule, Chile mega-thrust earthquake (Mw=8.8) show a pronounced slip maximum of 15-20 m offshore Iloca (~35°S), indicating that co-seismic slip was largest north of the epicenter of the earthquake rupture area. A secondary slip maximum 8-10 m appears south of the epicenter west of the Arauco Peninsula. During the first weeks following the main shock and seaward of the main slip maximum, an outer rise seismic cluster of >450 events, mainly extensional, with magnitudes Mw=4-6 was formed. In contrast, the outer rise located seaward of the secondary slip maximum presents little seismicity. This observation suggests that outer rise seismicity following the Maule earthquake is strongly correlated with the heterogeneous coseismic slip distribution of the main megathrust event. In particular, the formation of the outer-rise seismic cluster in the north, which spatially correlates with the main maximum slip, is likely linked to strong extensional stresses transfered from the large slip of the subducting oceanic plate. In addition, high resolution bathymetric data reveals that bending-related faulting is more intense seaward of the main maximum slip, where well developed extensional faults strike parallel to the trench axis. Also published seismic constraints reveal reduced P-wave velocities in the uppermost mantle at the trench-outer rise region (7.5-7.8 km/s), which suggest serpentinization of the uppermost mantle. Seawater percolation up to mantle depths is likely driven by bending related-faulting at the outer rise. Water percolation into the upper mantle is expected to be more efficient during the co-seismic and early post-seismic periods of large megathrust earthquakes when intense extensional faulting of the oceanic lithosphere facilitates water infiltration seaward of the trench. RESUMEN. Sismicidad ʻouter rise' relacionada con el mega terremoto de Maule, Chile en el 2010 e hidratación de la litósfera oceánica subductante. La mayoría de los modelos geodésicos del terremoto de 2010 en la Región del Maule, Chile (Mw=8.8) muestran un pronunciado deslizamiento máximo de 15-20 m frente a las costas de Iloca (~35°S), indicando que el mayor deslizamiento cosísmico fue en la parte norte del área de ruptura. Un deslizamiento secundario, con un máximo de 8-10 m aparece al sur del epicentro, localizado al sur de la península de Arauco. Durante las semanas siguientes al evento principal y frente al área de máximo deslizamiento, se formó un enjambre sísmico de más de 450 eventos, con mecanismo de foco mayoritariamente extensional y de magnitudes Mw, oscilando entre los 4 y 6 grados. En contraste con ello, el área del ʻouter rise', ubicada frente a la zona sur de deslizamiento máximo, presenta baja sismicidad. Esta observación sugiere que la sismicidad ʻouter rise' posterior al evento principal del terremoto del Maule está fuertemente correlacionada con la distribución heterogénea de deslizamiento cosísmico. En particular, la formación del enjambre de sismicidad ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Outer Rise Faulting and Hydration Of The Upper Oceanic Lithomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outer rise seismicity related to the Maule, Chile 2010 mega-thrust earthquake and hydration of the incoming oceanic lithosphere

Moscoso

Contreras‐Reyes

2012

andgeo

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“…Lange et al Furthermore, in order to assess along-strike and across-strike structural heterogeneities, we constructed quasi-3-D models by transposing the east-west oriented 2-D velocity models of Moscoso et al (2011) and Contreras-Reyes et al (2015) across the entire study region following the geometry of the trench. The determination of hypocentre locations using the quasi-3-D velocity models resulted in overall larger rms values than the location determination using the local 1-D velocity model together with station corrections.…”

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confidence: 99%

Aftershock seismicity and tectonic setting of the 2015 September 16 Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake, Central Chile

Lange

Geersen

Barrientos

et al. 2016

Geophysical Journal International

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Powerful subduction zone earthquakes rupture thousands of square kilometres along continental margins but at certain locations earthquake rupture terminates. To date, detailed knowledge of the parameters that govern seismic rupture and aftershocks is still incomplete. On 2015 September 16, the Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake ruptured a 200 km long stretch of the Central Chilean subduction zone, triggering a tsunami and causing significant damage. Here, we analyse the temporal and spatial pattern of the coseismic rupture and aftershocks in relation to the tectonic setting in the earthquake area. Aftershocks cluster around the area of maximum coseismic slip, in particular in lateral and downdip direction. During the first 24 hr after the main shock, aftershocks migrated in both lateral directions with velocities of approximately 2.5 and 5 km hr−1. At the southern rupture boundary, aftershocks cluster around individual subducted seamounts that are related to the downthrusting Juan Fernández Ridge. In the northern part of the rupture area, aftershocks separate into an upper cluster (above 25 km depth) and a lower cluster (below 35 km depth). This dual seismic–aseismic transition in downdip direction is also observed in the interseismic period suggesting that it may represent a persistent feature for the Central Chilean subduction zone.

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“…1b) has been derived from 169 GPS vectors covering the entire rupture zone and the far field (Moreno et al, 2012), together with InSAR (Tong et al, 2010) and landlevel change data (Melnick et al, 2012a). This new finite-element model integrates realistic fault and lithospheric geometries compiled from various geophysical data sets (Tassara and Echaurren, 2012), which include a seismic profile in the epicentral region of the Maule earthquake (Moscoso et al, 2011). Compared to Lorito et al, the new model reproduces the data with half the residuals standard error, resulting in more slip in the southern and less in the northern sectors.…”

Section: Coseismic Slip Distribution and Slip Deficit After The 2010 mentioning

confidence: 99%

Darwin’ seismic gap closed by the 2010 Maule earthquake

Melnick

Moreno

Cisternas

et al. 2012

andgeo

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Revealing the deep structure and rupture plane of the 2010 Maule, Chile earthquake (Mw=8.8) using wide angle seismic data

Cited by 59 publications

References 34 publications

Outer rise seismicity related to the Maule, Chile 2010 mega-thrust earthquake and hydration of the incoming oceanic lithosphere

Outer rise seismicity related to the Maule, Chile 2010 mega-thrust earthquake and hydration of the incoming oceanic lithosphere

Aftershock seismicity and tectonic setting of the 2015 September 16 Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake, Central Chile

Darwin’ seismic gap closed by the 2010 Maule earthquake

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