Retrospective study of triclosan and methyl-triclosan residues in fish and suspended particulate matter: Results from the German Environmental Specimen Bank

Rüdel, Heinz; Böhmer, W.; Müller, M.; Fliedner, Annette; Ricking, Mathias; Teubner, Diana; Schröter-Kermani, Christa

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.12.030

Cited by 72 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In general, the complex matrices in liver samples increased the background noise, which resulted in higher MQLs in liver than in muscle tissues. The MQLs in this study are equal to or lower than the MQLs reported by other studies using Soxhlet extraction [22], pressurized liquid extraction [21], or ultrasonic extraction [59]. The MQLs for TCS, methylparaben, ethylparaben, HHCB, and musk ketone in this study are at the same magnitude as those previous reported works [60,61].…”

Section: Quantification and Methods Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Analysis of PCP ingredients in biological samples is always a challenge due to the complexity of biological tissues. Ruedel and Boehmer extracted triclosan (TCS) and its potential transformation product methyl-triclosan in fish muscles by using pressurized liquid extraction incorporated with gel permeation chromatography and silica gel column purification [21]. Nakata and Sasaki determined four synthetic musks in fish samples following Soxhlet extraction assisted by gel permeation chromatography and silica gel column cleanup [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous determination of 24 personal care products in fish muscle and liver tissues using QuEChERS extraction coupled with ultra pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analyses

et al. 2016

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A sensitive and selective quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extraction combined with dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) cleanup method was developed to simultaneously extract a wide range of personal care products (16 biocides, 4 synthetic musks, and 4 benzotriazoles) in fish muscle and liver tissues. In order to get satisfactory recoveries, different extraction parameters were optimized, including extraction salts and d-SPE materials, extraction solvents and acetic acid contents in organic phase, and the ratios of solvent and water. Ultra pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to analyze the target compounds in the extracts. Among the 24 personal care products, the recoveries in the range of 70-120 % were obtained for 20, 19, and 12 analytes in fish muscle at the spiking concentrations of 10, 5, and 1 ng/g ww, respectively, and for 13, 12, and 11 analytes in liver at the spiking concentrations of 40, 20, and 4 ng/g ww, respectively. Method quantification limits (MQLs) of all analytes were 0.02-2.12 ng/g ww for fish muscle and 0.22-12.2 ng/g ww for fish liver tissues. The method was successfully applied to wild fish samples collected from Dongjiang River, south China. Twenty-one and 17 of the analytes were found in fish muscle and liver samples, respectively, in at least one site of the river with the concentrations between below MQLs and 119 ng/g ww, respectively.

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Section: Quantification and Methods Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of 24 personal care products in fish muscle and liver tissues using QuEChERS extraction coupled with ultra pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analyses

et al. 2016

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“…TCS was present in fish samples from rivers in Germany (Rudel et al 2013) with mean concentrations in fish muscle tissue ranging from 4.6 to 18.6 ng/g (lipid weight); showing that TCS accumulates in fish tissue (Rudel et al 2013). Investigators in the U.S. found 25 ng/g (wet weight) TCS in salmon tissue (Yeh et al.…”

Section: Triclosan Exposure Levels In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Triclosan-methyl is more lipophilic than TCS and exhibits a higher bioaccumulation potential in aquatic organisms (Balmer et al 2004, Rudel et al 2013, Macherius et al 2014). TCS-methyl was detected in fish samples from rivers in Germany (Rudel et al 2013) with mean levels in fish muscle tissue ranging from 70.8 to 378 ng/g (lipid weight). Rudel et al (2013) showed that mTCS concentrations were higher than TCS indicating that mTCS accumulated in fish tissue more readily than TCS.…”

Section: Triclosan Breakdown Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TCS-methyl was detected in fish samples from rivers in Germany (Rudel et al 2013) with mean levels in fish muscle tissue ranging from 70.8 to 378 ng/g (lipid weight). Rudel et al (2013) showed that mTCS concentrations were higher than TCS indicating that mTCS accumulated in fish tissue more readily than TCS. TCS-methyl concentrations were also present in earthworms exposed to biosolid application for 4 years at 25.9 to 113.7 ng/g (dry weight) (Macherius et al 2014).…”

Section: Triclosan Breakdown Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Triclosan exposure, transformation, and human health effects

Weatherly

Gosse

2017

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B

413

236

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Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial used so ubiquitously that 75% of the U.S.A. population is likely exposed to this compound via consumer goods and personal care products. In September 2016, TCS was banned from soap products following the risk assessment by the U.S.A. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, TCS still remains, at high concentrations, in other personal care products such as toothpaste, mouthwash, hand sanitizer, and surgical soaps. Triclosan is readily absorbed into human skin and oral mucosa and found in various human tissues and fluids. The aim of this review was to describe TCS exposure routes and levels as well as metabolism and transformation processes. The burgeoning literature on human health effects associated with TCS exposure, such as reproductive problems was also summarized.

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A review on triclosan in wastewater: Mechanism of action, resistance phenomenon, environmental risks, and sustainable removal techniques

Jabłońska‐Trypuć

2023

Water Environment Research

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Triclosan, belonging to the bisphenols, is known antiseptic broad‐spectrum biocide. It has a very wide range of applications, both in health care, as well as in the household. Triclosan enters the environment, both water bodies and soil, because of its high prevalence and the ability to accumulation. Excessive use of antimicrobial formulations may cause the generation of resistance among microorganisms. Reduced susceptibility to triclosan is observed more frequently and in an expanded group of microorganisms, and is conditioned by a number of different mechanisms occurring on the molecular level. Conventional wastewater treatment processes are not always able to provide a reliable barrier to triclosan. Therefore, additional advanced treatment technologies are being considered in areas, where a triclosan contamination problem has been identified. Removal of triclosan from wastewater is carried out using different biological and chemical techniques, however it should be pointed out that physico‐chemical methods often generate toxic by‐products. Toxicity of triclosan and its degradation products, bacterial resistance to this compound and evident problems with triclosan elimination from wastewater are currently the main problems faced by companies creating products containing triclosan.

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Retrospective study of triclosan and methyl-triclosan residues in fish and suspended particulate matter: Results from the German Environmental Specimen Bank

Cited by 72 publications

References 37 publications

Simultaneous determination of 24 personal care products in fish muscle and liver tissues using QuEChERS extraction coupled with ultra pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analyses

Simultaneous determination of 24 personal care products in fish muscle and liver tissues using QuEChERS extraction coupled with ultra pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analyses

Triclosan exposure, transformation, and human health effects

A review on triclosan in wastewater: Mechanism of action, resistance phenomenon, environmental risks, and sustainable removal techniques

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