Retrograde amnesia in patients with temporal lobe, frontal lobe and diencephalic lesions

Kopelman, Michael D.; Stanhope, Nicola

doi:10.1016/0924-9338(96)88783-9

Cited by 70 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…The comparison between the profiles of overall autobiographical memories (AM score) and strictly episodic ones (EM score) highlighted in fv-FTD the difficulty in retrieving truly episodic memories compared with more generic autobiographical ones despite the systematic clues and encouragements to be specific provided in our AM test. This result is consistent with previous studies of patients with non-progressive frontal injury revealing a deficit of executive function and of access to specific anterograde and retrograde autobiographical memories (Baddeley & Wilson, 1986;Della Sala, Laiacona, Spinnler & Trivelli, 1992;Kopelman, Stanhope & Kingsley, 1999;Piolino et al, 2007; for reviews, see Conway and Fthenaki, 2000;Kopelman & Kapur, 2001). The analysis of the different kinds of memories clearly showed that AM retrieval in fv-FTD was characterized by overgenerality, a tendency to recall repeated events (occurring more than one time) or extended events (lasting more than 1 day) rather than specific events.…”

Section: Characteristics and Cognitive Mechanisms Of Am Deficits In Psupporting

confidence: 82%

In search of autobiographical memories: A PET study in the frontal variant of frontotemporal dementia

et al. 2007

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Section: Characteristics and Cognitive Mechanisms Of Am Deficits In Psupporting

confidence: 82%

In search of autobiographical memories: A PET study in the frontal variant of frontotemporal dementia

et al. 2007

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“…'s personal semantic memory is slightly impaired with no gradient. By contrast, one patient (Eslinger, 1998) had a greater impairment for childhood and early-adult periods; other patients had better remote semantic memory, though their scores were only mildly abnormal (Kopelman, Stanhope, & Kingsley, 1999). Temporal pole damage seems to cause graded personal semantic amnesia; M.S.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual memory loss and autobiographical amnesia: a case study

et al. 2005

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Amnesia typically results from trauma to the medial temporal regions that coordinate activation among the disparate areas of cortex that represent the information that make up autobiographical memories. We proposed that amnesia should also result from damage to these regions, particularly regions that subserve long-term visual memory [Rubin, D. C., & Greenberg, D. L. (1998). Visual memory-deficit amnesia: A distinct amnesic presentation and etiology. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 95, 5413-5416]. We previously found 11 such cases in the literature, and all 11 had amnesia. We now present a detailed investigation of one of these patients. M.S. suffers from long-term visual memory loss along with some semantic deficits; he also manifests a severe retrograde amnesia and moderate anterograde amnesia. The presentation of his amnesia differs from that of the typical medial-temporal or lateral-temporal amnesic; we suggest that his visual deficits may be contributing to his autobiographical amnesia.

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“…In addition, remote autobiographical memory was substantially impaired in three other patients, who had damage to one or more cortical areas including the lateral temporal and frontal lobes (Bayley et al, 2005b). Others have also emphasized the importance of lateral temporal and frontal lobe pathology for understanding impaired remote autobiographical memory (Eslinger, 1998;Kapur, 1999;Kopelman et al, 1999;Bright et al, 2006). There is a need for thorough, quantitative anatomical information for all the patients being studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fate of Old Memories after Medial Temporal Lobe Damage

Bayley¹,

Hopkins²,

Squire³

2006

J. Neurosci.

108

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Damage to the hippocampal region and related medial temporal lobe structures (perirhinal, entorhinal, and parahippocampal cortices) impairs new learning (anterograde amnesia) as well as memory for information that was acquired before the damage occurred (retrograde amnesia). We assessed retrograde amnesia with the Autobiographical Memory Interview (AMI) and with a news events test in six patients with damage limited primarily to the hippocampal region (H group) and two patients with large medial temporal lobe lesions (MTL group). On the news event test, the H group exhibited temporally limited retrograde amnesia covering ϳ5 years. On the same test, the MTL group exhibited an extensive retrograde amnesia covering decades. Nevertheless, performance was relatively spared for very remote time periods. On the AMI, all patients had intact remote autobiographical memory. Because our patients with hippocampal lesions, as well as our patients with large MTL lesions, performed normally on the AMI, patients who perform poorly on the same test presumably have damage beyond the hippocampus and related structures in the medial temporal lobe. The findings emphasize the difference in the extent of retrograde amnesia associated with hippocampal lesions and large MTL lesions.

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Retrograde amnesia in patients with temporal lobe, frontal lobe and diencephalic lesions

Cited by 70 publications

References 0 publications

In search of autobiographical memories: A PET study in the frontal variant of frontotemporal dementia

In search of autobiographical memories: A PET study in the frontal variant of frontotemporal dementia

Visual memory loss and autobiographical amnesia: a case study

The Fate of Old Memories after Medial Temporal Lobe Damage

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