Retribution and restorative justice

Toward a restorative justice pedagogy: reflections on teaching restorative justice in correctional facilities

“…While both approaches share a common goal of acknowledging a violation and finding a way to respond to it (Johnstone, 2002;Roche, 2007), restorative justice as well as the criminal justice system differ on the values that support the justice process and that ultimately shape the experiences of the victimized and offending individuals and communities and the outcomes of the justice process itself. Though often unstated or unacknowledged, values guiding the criminal justice system include domination, exclusion, revenge, and retribution.…”

“…Others have legitimately critiqued this simplistic dichotomy between restorative justice and the dominant criminal justice system (see Roche, 2007 andJohnstone, 2002). I resort to it here to highlight critical points related to a restorative justice pedagogy with a recognition of the limitations and nuances to the distinction between the two approaches to justice.…”

Exploring community protection

“…While some believe that restorative justice has not yet been precisely defined (Roche, 2007), the generally accepted definition includes a healing approach (Bazemore & Erbe, 2006;Polizzi, 2008) that views crime as a violation of individuals and communities primarily and a violation of the state secondarily (Umbreit, 1995;Zehr, 1990). A better understanding of restorative justice is achieved through Zehr's comparison of the questions that guide retributive and restorative justice:…”

Restorative Justice and “Empowerment”: Producing and Governing Active Subjects through “Empowering” Practices

“…Secondly, in many locations in which it emerged, restorative justice enjoyed support from across the political spectrum (Braithwaite and Mugford 1994;Garkawe 1999;Nyp 2004;Pollard 2004;Roche 2004). As Roach (2000: 262) argues:…”