Retracted: Magnesium supplementation affects metabolic status and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Asemi, Zatollah; Karamali, Maryam; Jamilian, Mehri; Foroozanfard, Fatemeh; Bahmani, Fereshteh; Heidarzadeh, Zahra; Benisi-Kohansal, Sanaz; Surkan, Pamela J.; Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad

doi:10.3945/ajcn.114.098616

Cited by 65 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…Sixty participants ( n = 30 in each group) were randomized to take either 250 mg/day magnesium oxide (21st Century Pharmaceutical Company, AZ) plus 400 IU/day vitamin E (Zahravi Pharmaceutical Company, Tabriz, Iran) or placebo (Barij Essence Pharmaceuticals, Kashan, Iran) for 12 weeks. Due to lack of evidence about the appropriate dosage of magnesium and vitamin E for patients with DFU, we used the above‐mentioned dose of magnesium based on a previous study in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and dose of vitamin E based on a previous study in patients with T2DM . Tolerable upper intake level for vitamin E and magnesium is 1,000 mg and 350 mg per day, respectively .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample size was calculated for primary outcome, HOMA‐IR: to obtain an effect size of 1.30 and a SD of 1.62, a total sample size of 50 patients (about 25 per arm) was necessary to reach a statistical power of 80% considering an overall type 1 error of 5%. Assuming 20% dropouts in each group, the final sample size was determined to be 30 participants in each group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of magnesium and vitamin E co‐supplementation on wound healing and metabolic status in patients with diabetic foot ulcer: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

Afzali

Kashi

Momen‐Heravi

et al. 2019

Wound Repair Regeneration

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This study was carried out to determine the effects of magnesium and vitamin E co-supplementation on wound healing and metabolic status in patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). The current randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 57 patients with grade 3 DFU. Participants were randomly divided into two groups to take either 250 mg magnesium oxide plus 400 IU vitamin E (n = 29) or placebo per day (n = 28) for 12 weeks. Compared with the placebo, taking magnesium plus vitamin E supplements reduced ulcer length (β [difference in the mean of outcomes measures between treatment groups] −0.56 cm; 95% CI, −0.92, −0.20; p = 0.003), width (β −0.35 cm; 95% CI, −0.64, −0.05; p = 0.02) and depth (β −0.18 cm; 95% CI, −0.33, −0.02; p = 0.02). In addition, co-supplementation led to a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose (β −13.41 mg/dL; 95% CI, −20.96, −5.86; p = 0.001), insulin (β −1.45 μIU/ml; 95% CI, −2.37, −0.52; p = 0.003), insulin resistance (β −0.60; 95% CI, −0.99, −0.20; p = 0.003) and HbA1c (β −0.32%; 95% CI, −0.48, −0.16; p < 0.003), and a significant elevation in insulin sensitivity (β 0.007; 95% CI, 0.003, 0.01; p < 0.001) compared with the placebo. Additionally, compared with the placebo, taking magnesium plus vitamin E supplements decreased triglycerides (β −10.08 mg/dL; 95% CI, −19.70, −0.46; p = 0.04), LDL-cholesterol (β −5.88 mg/dL; 95% CI, −11.42, −0.34; p = 0.03), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (β −3.42 mg/L; 95% CI, −4.44, −2.41; p < 0.001) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (β −0.30 μmol/L; 95% CI, −0.45, −0.15; p < 0.001), and increased HDL-cholesterol (β 2.62 mg/dL; 95% CI, 0.60, 4.63; p = 0.01) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels (β 53.61 mmol/L; 95% CI, 4.65, 102.57; p = 0.03). Overall, magnesium and vitamin E co-supplementation for 12 weeks to patients with DFU had beneficial effects on ulcer size, glycemic control, triglycerides, LDL-and HDL-cholesterol, hs-CRP, TAC, and MDA levels.The diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic consequence of diabetes mellitus which mainly caused by neuropathy, different grades of ischemia, and infection that coincide with poor glycemic control and diminished neutrophil function. 1 The mortality rate among diabetic patients with DFU is higher than twofold compared with nonulcer patients. 2 Based on the previous evidence, the effective management of diabetes and timely treatment of foot ulcer are implicated for decrease the morbidity and mortality of DFU. 3 The nutritional status of diabetic patients correlates with the severity of ulcer and play an important role in the reversing of wound risk. 4 According to the prior studies, the alternation of magnesium metabolism is a common feature in diabetic patients which interference with glycemic control and contributes to impaired insulin sensitivity and chronic inflammatory status. 5In addition, observational evidence shown that there is an inverse association between magnesium levels and the occurrence of foot ulcers, nephropathy and retinopathy. 6 Similarly, it is repo...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of magnesium and vitamin E co‐supplementation on wound healing and metabolic status in patients with diabetic foot ulcer: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

Afzali

Kashi

Momen‐Heravi

et al. 2019

Wound Repair Regeneration

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“…After reading the titles and abstracts, 54 studies were selected for further review. Finally, thirteen studies met our inclusion criteria [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. The detailed process of the search strategy is described in Figure 1.…”

Section: Study Selection and Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nutritional Strategies on Glucose Homeostasis in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Jin

Sha

Dong

et al. 2020

Journal of Diabetes Research

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Background. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications of pregnancy, and nutritional therapy is the basis of GDM treatment. However, the effects of different forms of nutritional supplementation on improving gestational diabetes are uncertain. Objective. We conducted a network meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of supplementation with different nutrients on glucose metabolism in women with GDM. Methods. We conducted a literature search using PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the differences between different nutritional strategies in women with GDM. The Cochrane tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis were used to compare and rank the effects of nutritional strategies for the improvement of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum insulin, and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results. We included thirteen RCTs with a total of 754 participants. Compared with placebo, omega-3, magnesium, vitamin D, zinc, and probiotics were more beneficial for improving FPG, serum insulin, and HOMA-IR. Network analysis showed that vitamin D supplementation was superior to omega-3 (-3.64 mg/dL, 95% CI: -5.77 to -1.51), zinc (-5.71 mg/dL, 95% CI: -10.19 to -1.23), probiotics (-6.76 mg/dL, 95% CI: -10.02 to -3.50), and placebo (-12.13 mg/dL, 95% CI: -14.55 to -9.70) for improving FPG. Magnesium supplementation was more beneficial for decreasing serum insulin compared with probiotics (-5.10 μIU/mL, 95% CI: -9.32 to -0.88) and placebo (-7.80 μIU/mL; 95% CI-11.95, -3.65). Vitamin D was more effective than probiotics (-0.99, 95% CI: -1.84 to -0.14) and placebo (-1.80, 95% CI: -2.45 to -1.16) for improving HOMA-IR. Conclusion. Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced FPG and regulated HOMA-IR. Magnesium supplementation was superior in decreasing serum insulin than supplementation with other nutrients. Nutrient supplementation seemed to have an effect on glucose homeostasis maintenance in patients with GDM and may be considered an adjunctive therapy.

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“…Decreased Mg 2+ levels, together with an increased concentration of malondialdehyde (an oxidative stress marker), have been found in blood samples, in particular, in younger insulin-resistant patients in comparison with healthy controls [77]. Moreover, the status of glucose and triglyceride metabolism has been significantly improved in magnesium-supplemented pregnant women suffering from gestational diabetes mellitus [78]. Oral supplementation by magnesium chloride to obese women reduces plasma ALT levels, together with a tendency towards a reduction in CRP levels [79].…”

Section: Biometals In Metabolic Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Central Role of Biometals Maintains Oxidative Balance in the Context of Metabolic and Neurodegenerative Disorders

Pokusa

Trančiková

2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Traditionally, oxidative stress as a biological aspect is defined as an imbalance between the free radical generation and antioxidant capacity of living systems. The intracellular imbalance of ions, disturbance in membrane dynamics, hypoxic conditions, and dysregulation of gene expression are all molecular pathogenic mechanisms closely associated with oxidative stress and underpin systemic changes in the body. These also include aspects such as chronic immune system activation, the impairment of cellular structure renewal, and alterations in the character of the endocrine secretion of diverse tissues. All of these mentioned features are crucial for the correct function of the various tissue types in the body. In the present review, we summarize current knowledge about the common roots of metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders induced by oxidative stress. We discuss these common roots with regard to the way that (1) the respective metal ions are involved in the maintenance of oxidative balance and (2) the metabolic and signaling disturbances of the most important biometals, such as Mg2+, Zn2+, Se2+, Fe2+, or Cu2+, can be considered as the central connection point between the pathogenesis of both types of disorders and oxidative stress.

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Retracted: Magnesium supplementation affects metabolic status and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Abstract: Magnesium supplementation among women with GDM had beneficial effects on metabolic status and pregnancy outcomes. This trial was registered at www.irct.ir as IRCT201503055623N39.

Cited by 65 publications

References 50 publications

The effects of magnesium and vitamin E co‐supplementation on wound healing and metabolic status in patients with diabetic foot ulcer: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

The effects of magnesium and vitamin E co‐supplementation on wound healing and metabolic status in patients with diabetic foot ulcer: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

Effects of Nutritional Strategies on Glucose Homeostasis in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

The Central Role of Biometals Maintains Oxidative Balance in the Context of Metabolic and Neurodegenerative Disorders

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