Retracted Article: Prognostic Factors in Breast Cancer: The Value of the Nottingham Prognostic Index for Patients Treated in a Single Institution

Okugawa, Homa; Yamamoto, Daigo; Uemura, Yoshiko; Sakaida, Noriko; Yamada, Masakazu; Kamiyama, Yasuo

doi:10.1007/s00595-005-3056-x

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Histologic grading is one of the components of the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) that has become widely used for the management of patients with breast cancer in the UK [9] and its validity has been confirmed in other independent studies [10][11][12] and it is now recognised by the UK RCPath [13], European Commission [14] and WHO [15]. In multivariate analysis, histologic grade has equivalent value to that of LN status and it can be combined with lymph node stage and tumour size in the form of a prognostic index (the Nottingham Prognostic Index [NPI] [16] or Kalmar Prognostic Index [KPI] [5]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histologic grading is an independent prognostic factor in invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast

Rakha

El-Sayed

Menon

et al. 2007

Breast Cancer Res Treat

133

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histologic grading is an independent prognostic factor in invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast

Rakha

El-Sayed

Menon

et al. 2007

Breast Cancer Res Treat

133

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“…6 Then, after it was soon established that the three most powerful factors were tumor size, lymph node status and histological grade and these were incorporated into the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI). 1,[6][7][8] These results were greeted initially with considerable scepticism. 6 Now NPI is widely accepted index to reflect metastatic behavior, growth rate and genetic instability of breast cancer, and to accurately predict survival patterns in accordingly stratified groups with follow up period after primary diagnosis of breast cancer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of axillary lymph nodes involvement and Nottingham prognostic index with various histopathologic prognostic factors in invasive breast carcinoma

2019

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Background: Breast cancer is the commonest cancer of urban Indian women and the second commonest in the rural women. The clinical management of this tumor relies on various prognostic factors, most importantly lymph node stage, tumor size and histologic grade. There have been attempts at integration of these factors into meaningful indices. The most widely used of these is the Nottingham prognostic index (NPI), this study was aimed to evaluate the NPI in a group of breast cancer patients and to correlate NPI with other clinical and histo-morphological features.Methods: This was a two-year prospective, observational study was done in the Department of Surgery, Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of Maharashtra, India. A total of 50 patients who presented with invasive carcinoma of breast from October 2016 to October 2018 were enrolled.Results: Most of the patients belonged to the age group of 41 to 50 years (34%) and the mean age of patients in study was 51.18±11.93 years. Left breast was more affected (62%) than the right breast (38%). Majority of the cases had tumor size of <5 cm (70%) and the mean size of was 4.65±1.89 cms. Majority of the patients (62%) belonged to Bloom Richardson (BR) Grade II and 24% of the patients were ER and PR positive. Lymphovascular invasion was present in 74% of the patients. There was significant positive correlation between tumor size and lymph node involvement. Significant correlation was noted between NPI score and tumor size, positive lymph nodes and BR grade. The mean NPI scores in patients with lymphovascular invasion were noted as 4.92±1.05, compared to 4.83±0.93 among the patients in whom lymphovascular invasion was absent (p=0.779). The mean NPI scores in patients with ER-, PR- were slightly high (4.91±0.94) compared to ER+, PR+ patients (4.76±1.19) (p=0.778).Conclusions: NPI is an essential and valuable prognostic indicator, which should be incorporated in breast cancer reporting by the histopathologists and also primary tumor size, lymph node stage and histological grade which provides further guideline to treating clinicians to choose treatment modalities for the patient and in deciding to follow up plan as well.

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“…However, for patients with malignant lesions, sentinel lymph node biopsy using the indocyanine green fluorescence imaging system could be appropriate, to avoid ALND [14]. Although the prognosis of patients with MLTs is usually favorable, the Nottingham prognostic index would be helpful in predicting the prognosis [15]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucocele-like tumor associated with ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosed as mucinous carcinoma by fine-needle aspiration cytology: report of a case

et al. 2012

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Mucocele-like tumors (MLTs) of the breast are rare, with only 11 cases reported from Japan and 35 cases from other countries. MLTs of the breast were first described by Rosen in 1986. They are believed to be related to atypical ductal hyperplasia, ductal carcinoma, or mucinous carcinoma. It is difficult to diagnose this tumor preoperatively, and especially difficult to differentiate between benign and malignant forms. We report a case of MLT associated with ductal carcinoma in situ, which was initially diagnosed as fibroadenoma by mammography and ultrasonography, and as mucinous carcinoma by fine-needle aspiration cytology. We discuss the characteristic findings of imaging and the appropriate clinical treatment of this tumor. The characteristic image first signals the possibility of this tumor, following which the diagnosis can be confirmed by pathological examination of a fully excised tumor specimen. Breast-conserving surgery is recommended because of the low risk of high-grade malignancy, even when malignancy is confirmed, and lymph node dissection may be avoided.

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Retracted Article: Prognostic Factors in Breast Cancer: The Value of the Nottingham Prognostic Index for Patients Treated in a Single Institution

Abstract: The NPI allows us to accurately predict prognosis, and we advocate its standardized use.

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Histologic grading is an independent prognostic factor in invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast

Histologic grading is an independent prognostic factor in invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast

Correlation of axillary lymph nodes involvement and Nottingham prognostic index with various histopathologic prognostic factors in invasive breast carcinoma

Mucocele-like tumor associated with ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosed as mucinous carcinoma by fine-needle aspiration cytology: report of a case

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