Retracted: Ameliorative effects of Moringa oleifera on copper nanoparticle induced toxicity in Cyprinus carpio assessed by histology and oxidative stress markers

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NPs) enter the environment mainly through waste water effluents, accidental spillage, and industrial runoffs. This is worrying because NPs can enter the human body owing to their large aspect-to-size ratio and reactive surfaces that facilitate their penetration through biological barriers and thus can induce oxidative stress in host cells. Therefore, there is a growing concern about the toxicity of NPs which needs to be addressed. Thus, this study investigated the ameliorative effects of Moringa oliefera seed extract (MOSE) in Cyprinus (C) carpio exposed to Cu-NPs. For the in vivo assessment of shielding effects of MOSE, 240 samples of C. carpio (40-45g) were randomly allocated into 24 experimental tanks (10 fish/tank of 40L) 24 h prior to the start of this experiment. The experimental fish were challenged to the water-born exposure of a pre-determined dose of 1.5 mg Cu-NPs /l along with pre and post treatment with different doses (100 or 200 or 300 mg/l) of MOSE for 28 days. The MOSE showed significant ameliorative effect on the antioxidant defense, in response to the elevated levels of Cu-NPs-induced oxidative stress. It also played a protective role as indicated by the suppression of histological alterations in gills and liver of fish exposed to Cu-NPs. It is concluded that Cu-NPs induced toxicity in C. carpio was ameliorated by the use of MOSE in this study. Moreover, post-CuNPs treatment stage showed more protective effects of MOSE than the pre-CuNP treatment phase. Further studies are suggested to determine the optimum dose and delivery method of MOSE for similar or different NP exposed fish.

Effect of morphology and support of copper nanoparticles on basic ovarian granulosa cell functions

“…The creation of a monolayer, high cell viability, presence of proliferation marker PCNA and production of steroid hormones indicate that the tested porcine granulosa cells were in good condition and suitable for analysis and testing of both the negative and positive behavior of CuNPs when given at physiological doses (Liu et al, 2016;C A et al, 2018;Noureen et al, 2018;Sutunkova et al, 2018). Furthermore, the present observations demonstrate CuNPs directly affecting ovarian cells and their basic functionsviability, proliferation, apoptosis and release of hormones.…”

“…After 3-4 days' pre-culture, the medium (of the same composition as above) was renewed, and the cells were cultured for 2 days in the medium with and without the CuNPs listed above at the concentrations of 0, 1, 10 or 100 ng/mL. These are typical CuNPs concentrations that have been tested in previous animal in-vivo and in-vitro experiments (Liu et al, 2016;C A et al, 2018;Noureen et al, 2018;Sutunkova et al, 2018).…”

Carica papaya and Mangifera indica modulate haematological, biochemical and histological alterations in atrazine-intoxicated fish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

“…Plant secondary metabolites have been used, and still in use, as therapeutics, either as protective or ameliorative agents against toxins and this has been encouraged by the World Health Organisation (WHO) (Noureen et al, 2018). Previous reports on the analyses of the two plants' extracts phytochemical constituents have identified alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, terpenoids, phenols, amino acids and reducing sugars as the main bioactive compounds of these plants (Naggayi et al, 2015;Awodele et al, 2016;Hamed et al, 2021;Kurian et al, 2021).…”

An Overview of the Beneficial Role of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Nanoparticle‐Induced Toxicities

“…The application of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) is quite versatile, from industrial use as additives in inks, medical devices, and metallic coatings, up to medicinal purposes due to their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiinflammatory properties [59,60]. Although the use of CuO-NPs in nanomedicine showed many benefits, for drug delivery, as a contrast agent, and in diagnostics, their overaccumulation in the human body may lead to pronounced consequences, mainly via inducing oxidative stress [61].…”