RETRACTED: A review of bio-diesel production processes

Andrade, J.E.; Pérez, Armando; Sebastián, P.J.; Eapen, D.

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.12.037

Cited by 37 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…4, at least 6 distinctive bands were observed in the standard FAME spectra. Based on standard FAME spectra, the band at 3008 cm À1 represents ACAH stretching vibration of cis double bond of an unsaturated fatty acid, whereas bands at 2922 and 2853 cm À1 are characteristics of asymmetric and symmetric vibration of aliphatic ACH 2 fatty acid hydrocarbon chains (Thompsom et al, 1999;Bendini et al, 2007;Rohman and Che, 2010;Saloua et al, 2010;Andrade et al, 2011;Rashid et al, 2011 andGuzatto et al, 2011). However, the bands between 3000 and 2800 cm À1 were not distinctively separated in the FAME derived using the three feeds.…”

Section: Analysis Of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Functional Groupmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Only small shoulder peak were observed at 3008 cm À1 . Furthermore, the functional groups of ester (C@O) showed two distinctive strong bands at 1743 and 1710 cm À1 , that may be correspond to triglyceride and free fatty acids, respectively (Thompsom et al, 1999;Bendini et al, 2007;Rohman and Che, 2010;Andrade et al, 2011). Similarly, these ester bands were observed in the FAME samples.…”

Section: Analysis Of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Functional Groupmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Feasibility study of biodiesel production using lipids of Hermetia illucens larva fed with organic waste

et al. 2016

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Section: Analysis Of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Functional Groupmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Analysis Of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Functional Groupmentioning

confidence: 76%

Feasibility study of biodiesel production using lipids of Hermetia illucens larva fed with organic waste

et al. 2016

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“…Although homogeneous basic catalysts are cheap, they normally require a higher mono‐alcohol/oil ratio for an optimum yield of FAME , . With methanol (MeOH) being the cheapest alcohol, it is widely used for transesterification reactions; however, ethanol and n ‐butanol are also used in some cases . The reaction temperature of these catalysts is usually at the boiling point of the mono‐alcohol (65 °C for MeOH).…”

Section: Biofuel Production Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Conversion of Microalgae Biomass into Biofuel

Hossain

2019

Chem Eng & Technol

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Biofuel production via microalgae is a promising and sustainable alternative to replace the typical fossil fuel that is the main contributor to the global warming. However, for a cost‐effective biofuel production, further advanced research is still needed for large‐scale operation. This article is a tutorial review on conversion processes of microalgae into biofuel, with emphasis on biochemical conversion. The following topics are discussed: (i) microalgae biomass and its composition, (ii) thermochemical conversion, (iii) chemical conversion, and (iv) biochemical conversion. In addition, various aspects of anaerobic digestion, digester designs, and effects of operating conditions on the production of methane, bioethanol, and biohydrogen are discussed. The general kinetics of biomass conversion into biofuel is presented. This study suggests, if that biomass contains less than 50 % moisture, then it is recommended to use the direct combustion method; otherwise, biochemical conversion is the most suitable process to biofuel production.

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“…Large amounts of solvent are needed for current techniques, while contamination of the lipids from other cellular components remains an obstacle . Active research in this area has suggested the possibility of selective decomposition of the cell wall using enzymes, electromagnetic waves, and sonic vibration (Cooney, et al, 2009) (Andrade, et al, 2011). These novel methods seek to minimize the quantity of solvent required and result in more complete extraction of the lipids.…”

Section: Biodiesel Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%