1990
DOI: 10.1001/archderm.1990.01670290135032
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Retinoic Acid Treatment of Nipple Hyperkeratosis

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Cited by 46 publications
(35 citation statements)
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“…Perez-Izquierdo suggested an alternative classification of two types: idiopathic or nevoid, which may be unilateral or bilateral. Other type is secondary to local lesions like verrucous nevus or seborrheic keratosis; or associated with other diseases which include ichthyosis, Darier's disease, acanthosis nigricans chronic eczema, lymphomas, or drug related e.g., diethylstilbestrol and spironolactone [5]. Mehanna et al suggested that the term ‚nevoid' be replaced by ‚idiopathic' [6].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Perez-Izquierdo suggested an alternative classification of two types: idiopathic or nevoid, which may be unilateral or bilateral. Other type is secondary to local lesions like verrucous nevus or seborrheic keratosis; or associated with other diseases which include ichthyosis, Darier's disease, acanthosis nigricans chronic eczema, lymphomas, or drug related e.g., diethylstilbestrol and spironolactone [5]. Mehanna et al suggested that the term ‚nevoid' be replaced by ‚idiopathic' [6].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, they are completely benign. Although surgical excision of NHNA lesions has also been suggested as an alternative to medical therapy, 16 its efficacy has not been clarified. Baykal and colleagues suggested that the frequency of the disease might be underestimated because the lesions are generally asymptomatic and thus may not reach medical attention.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and/or areola can affect both men and women, approximately 80% of cases occur in women 3 . For women, onset usually occurs during the second or third decade of life 4 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On occasion an affected patient may experience pruritus. The lesions usually do not interfere with breast function, although Perez‐Izquierdo et al 3 . reported one patient with difficulty breast‐feeding.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%