Retinoic acid receptors: From molecular mechanisms to cancer therapy

Masi, Alessandra di; Leboffe, Loris; Marinis, Elisabetta De; Pagano, Francesca; Cicconi, Laura; Rochette‐Egly, Cécile; Lo‐Coco, Francesco; Ascenzi, Paolo; Nervi, Clara

doi:10.1016/j.mam.2014.12.003

Cited by 311 publications

(305 citation statements)

References 1,244 publications

(2,169 reference statements)

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“…These receptors belong to the steroid hormone/thyroid hormone nuclear binding superfamily. In turn, the RARs bind to retinoic acid response elements in the regulatory regions of target genes to alter transcriptional activity (Allenby et al., 1993; Di Masi et al., 2015). …”

Section: Pattern Formation In the Blastemamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of urodele limb regeneration

Stocum

2017

Regeneration

109

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This review explores the historical and current state of our knowledge about urodele limb regeneration. Topics discussed are (1) blastema formation by the proteolytic histolysis of limb tissues to release resident stem cells and mononucleate cells that undergo dedifferentiation, cell cycle entry and accumulation under the apical epidermal cap. (2) The origin, phenotypic memory, and positional memory of blastema cells. (3) The role played by macrophages in the early events of regeneration. (4) The role of neural and AEC factors and interaction between blastema cells in mitosis and distalization. (5) Models of pattern formation based on the results of axial reversal experiments, experiments on the regeneration of half and double half limbs, and experiments using retinoic acid to alter positional identity of blastema cells. (6) Possible mechanisms of distalization during normal and intercalary regeneration. (7) Is pattern formation is a self‐organizing property of the blastema or dictated by chemical signals from adjacent tissues? (8) What is the future for regenerating a human limb?

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Section: Pattern Formation In the Blastemamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of urodele limb regeneration

Stocum

2017

Regeneration

109

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“…RARB is one of critical ligand-regulated transcription factors to centralize the cancer cell growth and metastasis through the RA and retinoid signaling pathways [11]. RARB was suggested as a potential therapeutic target to protect from solid tumors by the frequent epigenetic silencing of RARB [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effects of Actinidia Chinensis planch root extracts (acRoots) on human lung cancer cells through retinoic acid receptor beta

Wang

Hou

Shi

2017

MCT

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Actinidia Chinensis Planch roots (acRoots) are used to treat many cancers, although the antitumor mechanism by which acRoots inhibit cancer cell growth remains unclear. The present study aims at investigating inhibitory effects of acRoots on human lung cancer cells and potential mechanisms. Our data demonstrate that the inhibitory effects of acRoots on lung cancer cells depend on genetic backgrounds and phenotypes of cells. We furthermore found the expression of metabolism-associated gene profiles varied between acRoots-hypersensitive (H460) or hyposensitive lung cancer cells (H1299) after screening lung cancer cells with different genetic backgrounds. We selected retinoic acid receptor beta (RARB) as the core target within metabolism-associated core gene networks and evaluated RARB changes and roles in cells treated with acRoots at different concentrations and timeframes. Hypersensitive cancer cells with the deletion of RARB expression did not response to the treatment with acRoots, while RARB deletion did not change effects of acRoots on hyposensitive cells. Thus, it seems that RARB as the core target within metabolism-associated networks plays important roles in the regulation of lung cancer cell sensitivity to acRoots.

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“…Furthermore, in animal models retinoids reduce cancer of skin, lung, breast, bladder, ovary and prostate. In humans, retinoids can reverse epithelial precancerous lesions, induce differentiation of myeloid cells, and have an important role in the lung, liver and breast cancer prevention [58] . Moreover, retinoids regulate stem cell differentiation [59] .…”

Section: Retinoids and Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of nuclear receptors in breast cancer stem cells

Papi

Orlandi

2016

WJSC

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The recapitulation of primary tumour heterogenity and the existence of a minor sub-population of cancer cells, capable of initiating tumour growth in xenografts on serial passages, led to the hypothesis that cancer stem cells (CSCs) exist. CSCs are present in many tumours, among which is breast cancer. Breast CSCs (BCSCs) are likely to sustain the growth of the primary tumour mass, as well as to be responsible for disease relapse and metastatic spreading. Consequently, BCSCs represent the most significant target for new drugs in breast cancer therapy. Both the hypoxic condition in BCSCs biology and proinflammatory cytokine network has gained increasing importance in the recent past. Breast stromal cells are crucial components of the tumours milieu and are a major source of inflammatory mediators. Recently, the antiinflammatory role of some nuclear receptors ligands has emerged in several diseases, including breast cancer. Therefore, the use of nuclear receptors ligands may be a valid strategy to inhibit BCSCs viability and consequently breast cancer growth and disease relapse.

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Retinoic acid receptors: From molecular mechanisms to cancer therapy

Cited by 311 publications

References 1,244 publications

Mechanisms of urodele limb regeneration

Mechanisms of urodele limb regeneration

Inhibitory effects of Actinidia Chinensis planch root extracts (acRoots) on human lung cancer cells through retinoic acid receptor beta

Role of nuclear receptors in breast cancer stem cells

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