Retinal Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease: Insights from Transgenic Mouse Models

Bernardes, Rui; Silva, Gilberto Tadeu Reis da; Chiquita, Samuel; Serranho, Pedro; Ambrósio, António Francisco

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59876-5_60

“…These images were then split into 24 × 24 blocks, that were individually analysed by computing local texture metrics (GLCM). We followed a prior work on humans that demonstrated the ability of texture analysis in distinguishing between AD patients, Parkinson's patients, and healthy controls [15], and previous results in a smaller study involving this mouse model of AD [20]. Table 4 Features with statistically significant differences between wild-type and transgenic mice groups at two-months-old that were not present in the previous month, for the IPL and ONL layers This table follows the same display scheme described in Table 2 A massive distinction between WT and 3×Tg-AD was found across the different layers of the retina and spreading over the imaged area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These animals are being imaged from the age of one-month-old, every month up to the age of four-months-old, and at the ages of eight-, twelve-, sixteen-, and twenty-four-months-old. Preliminary results using this mouse model [19,20] suggest that texture analysis can be successfully used for this purpose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Characterization of the retinal changes of the 3×Tg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Ferreira

¹

,

Martins

²

,

Nunes

³

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder whose diagnosis remains a notable challenge. The literature suggests that cerebral changes precede AD symptoms by over two decades, implying a significantly advanced stage of AD by the time it is usually diagnosed. In the study herein, texture analysis was applied to computed optical coherence tomography ocular fundus images to identify differences between a group of the transgenic mouse model of the Alzheimer's disease (3×Tg-AD) and a group of wild-type mice, at the ages of one and two-months-old. A substantial difference between groups was found at both time-points across all neuroretina's layers. Here, the inner nuclear layer stands out both in the level of statistically significant differences and on the extension of these differences which span through the imaged area. Also, the progression of AD is suggested to be spotted by texture analysis as demonstrated by the significant difference found in the inner plexiform and the outer nuclear layers from the age of one to the age of two-months-old. These findings demonstrate the potential of the use of the retina and texture analysis to the diagnosis of AD and monitor AD progression. Besides, the differences between groups found in this study suggest that the 3×Tg-AD model may be inappropriate to study early changes associated with the AD and other animal models should be tested following the same path and rationale. Moreover, these results also suggest that the human genes present in these transgenic mice may have an impact on the neurodevelopment of offspring which would justify the significant changes found at the age of one-month-old.

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“…Under [ 8 ] article, authors investigated alterations in optic disc linked with Alzheimer's disease using the retinal as a window into the central and peripheral nervous system. Optical coherence tomography would be used to analyse the retinas of transgenic mice models (TMM) and wild-type (WT) of Alzheimer's disease, and support vector machines with the radial basis function kernel were used to categorize the cells in the retina into TMM and WT classes.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Transgenic Mice by Retinal Imaging Using SVMS

Sayeed¹,

Ahmed

²

,

Vinmathi³

et al. 2022

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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Alzheimer’s disease is the neuro disorder which characterized by means of Amyloid– β (A β ) in brain. However, accurate detection of this disease is a challenging task since the pathological issues of brain are complex in identification. In this paper, the changes associated with the retinal imaging for Alzheimer’s disease are classified into two classes such as wild-type (WT) and transgenic mice model (TMM). For testing, optical coherence tomography (OCT) images are used to classify into two groups. The classification is implemented by support vector machines with the optimum kernel selection using a genetic algorithm. Among several kernel functions of SVM, the radial basis kernel function provides the better classification result. In order to deal with an effective classification using SVM, texture features of retinal images are extracted and selected. The overall accuracy reached 92% and 91% of precision for the classification of transgenic mice.

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Characterization of the Retinal Changes of the 3xTg-AD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Ferreira

¹

,

Martins

²

,

Nunes

³

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder whose diagnosis remains a notable challenge. The literature suggests that cerebral changes precede AD symptoms by over two decades, implying a significantly advanced stage of AD by the time it is usually diagnosed. In the study herein, texture analysis was applied to computed optical coherence tomography ocular fundus images to identify differences between a group of the transgenic mouse model of the Alzheimer's disease (3×Tg-AD) and a group of wild-type mice, at the ages of one and two-monthsold. A substantial difference between groups was found at both time-points across all neuroretina's layers. Here, the inner nuclear layer stands out both in the level of statistically significant differences and on the extension of these differences which span through the imaged area. Also, the progression of AD is suggested to be spotted by

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Retinal Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease: Insights from Transgenic Mouse Models

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Characterization of the retinal changes of the 3×Tg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Characterization of the retinal changes of the 3×Tg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Classification of Transgenic Mice by Retinal Imaging Using SVMS

Characterization of the Retinal Changes of the 3xTg-AD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

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