Rethinking the psychology of tyranny: The BBC prison study

Reicher, Stephen; Haslam, S. Alexander

doi:10.1348/014466605x48998

Cited by 309 publications

(285 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The study was conducted in 2002 shortly after the British Broadcasting Company (BBC) had broadcast "The Experiment" (Koppel & Mirsky, 2002) -a series of four onehour documentaries covering events in the BBC Prison Study (Reicher & Haslam, 2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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And now for something completely different? The impact of group membership on perceptions of creativity

2008

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A wealth of historical, cultural and biographical evidence points to the fact that there is considerable variation in different people's judgements of creative products. What is creative to one person is deviant to another, and creative efforts often fail to be given the enthusiastic reception that their creators anticipate and think they deserve. Unpacking the roots of these discrepancies, this paper develops an analysis of creativity that is informed by the social identity approach. This analysis is supported by a review of previous research that points to the way in which perceptions of creativity are structured by both selfcategorization and social norms (and their interaction). Further support for the analysis is provided by two experiments (Ns =100,125) which support the hypothesis that ingroup products are perceived to be more creative than those of outgroups independently of other factors with which group membership is typically correlated in the world at large (e.g., quality). The studies also indicate that this pattern is not simply a manifestation of generic ingroup bias since judgements of creativity diverge from those of both likeability (Exp. 1) and beauty (Exp. 2). The theoretical and practical significance of these findings is discussed with particular reference to innovation resistance and the "not invented here" syndrome.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the same paradigm as the Stanford Prison Experiment (Haney, Banks & Zimbardo, 1973), the study's primary goal was to examine the contribution of group membership and social identification to processes of tyranny and resistance (e.g., see Haslam & Reicher, 2006.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

And now for something completely different? The impact of group membership on perceptions of creativity

2008

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“…Authority can degenerate into coercion, just as coercion can be transformed into authority, and it is important to study how these changes occur. But it is also important to recognize that the absence or weaknesses of power structures can be highly frustrating and detrimental to social cohesion and effective social organization (Pfeffer, 1992;Reicher & Haslam, 2004).…”

Section: The Evils Of Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining the nature of power: a three-process theory

Turner

2005

Eur. J. Soc. Psychol.

491

430

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Power is an inescapable feature of human social life and structure. This paper addresses the nature of power. The standard theory is that power is the capacity for influence and that influence is based on the control of resources valued or desired by others. However, there have always been problems with this theory and new ones have appeared. The paper summarizes the standard theory and its problems, outlines the different meanings of power and presents a new theory emphasizing group identity, social organization and ideology rather than dependence as the basis of power. It proposes that power is based on persuasion, authority and coercion. A key point is that the theory changes the way these processes have been understood by reversing the causal sequence of the standard theory. The latter argues that control of resources produces power, power is the basis of influence and that mutual influence leads to the formation of a psychological group. The three-process theory argues that psychological group formation produces influence, that influence is the basis of power and that power leads to the control of resources. Implications of the theory for social change, coercion, prejudice and the extent to which power is a social evil are briefly noted. The challenge is to study how power emerges from and functions within social relationships with a definite social, ideological and historical content rather than reifying it as an abstract external force producing generic psychological effects.

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“…Likewise, within a simulated prison system, Reicher and Haslam (2006) found that prisoners worked hard to gain advancement so long as the possibility of promotion existed. As in Wright and colleagues' work, it was only when promotion was ruled out and the system became completely 'closed' that participants' efforts were channelled in 6 other directions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bouncing back from failure: The interactive impact of perceived controllability and stability on self-efficacy beliefs and future task performance

Coffee

Rees²,

Haslam

2009

Journal of Sports Sciences

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There is limited empirical evidence of the relationship between attributions following failure and subsequent task performance. Two studies manipulated the perceived controllability and stability of causes of initial task failure and explored the impact of these factors on perceptions of self-efficacy and follow-up performance. Consistent with previous attributional and social identity theorising, an induced belief that failure was both beyond control and unlikely to change led to lower self-efficacy and worse performance, relative to conditions in which outcomes were believed to be controllable and/or unstable. These findings point to the resilience of beliefs in personal selfefficacy, but suggest that where opportunities for self-enhancement are precluded personal self-belief will be compromised and performance will suffer.

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Rethinking the psychology of tyranny: The BBC prison study

Cited by 309 publications

References 84 publications

And now for something completely different? The impact of group membership on perceptions of creativity

And now for something completely different? The impact of group membership on perceptions of creativity

Explaining the nature of power: a three-process theory

Bouncing back from failure: The interactive impact of perceived controllability and stability on self-efficacy beliefs and future task performance

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