Rethinking the "Early" Decline of Marital Fertility in the United States

Hacker, J. David

doi:10.2307/1515199

Cited by 30 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Table 1 shows that the first or traditional compromise ended in the 1870s or 1880s in the majority of countries examined. Two exceptions were France and the United States where major civil upheavals upset the compromise in the late nineteenth century and the early 1860s respectively (Wrigley 1985;Hacker 2003;Caldwell 2004). In France's case the fall in birth rates stagnated in the middle years of the nineteenth century, only to begin again around 1860, and subsequently paralleling the first transition in most western European countries.…”

Section: The Fertility Declinementioning

confidence: 99%

Three Fertility Compromises and Two Transitions

Caldwell

2008

Popul Res Policy Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Demographers and those concerned with population policy are increasingly focusing on the steep fertility declines that occurred in developed countries from the 1960s and the consequent widespread below-replacement fertility levels. The decline has been termed the Second Demographic Transition. This paper argues that the recent demographic change can best be understood and analyzed if we broaden the concept to include the first demographic transition, and the three demographically more settled periods preceding, separating, and following the two fertility transitions. These more settled periods or ''compromises'' are examined to ascertain their nature and so to help predict the likely developments in the present or third compromise. It is argued that the third compromise has now extended for 20 years with little movement in fertility rates or other socioeconomic behavior which has been said to be associated with the second transition, and that this provides sufficient evidence for analysis. The approach has two key aspects. First, it is confined in Europe to countries that distinctly experienced the full five demographic periods, namely northwestern and central Europe. Second, the analysis gains strength by including non-European countries that progressed through all five stages, namely the English-speaking countries of overseas European settlement: USA, United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand.Keywords Below-replacement fertility Á Demographic theory Á Demographic transition Á Population policy Á Second demographic transition This paper seeks a unitary explanation for the fertility declines that have occurred in the economically advanced western countries since the beginning of the Industrial

show abstract

Section: The Fertility Declinementioning

confidence: 99%

Three Fertility Compromises and Two Transitions

Caldwell

2008

Popul Res Policy Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…More health expenditure per capita in high-income countries has also led to benefits, such as reinforcement of health infrastructure, development of information technology areas, traditional medicine, and nanotechnology for surgeries. On the other hand, it has increased the elderly population age and the need for special care and treatment services for the elderly (2,(18)(19)(20)(21). In spite of the changes in the amount of health expenditure per capita, Nigeria has not witnessed significant changes in the slope of all indices for the years 2012 and 2013, and its rising process has stopped except for the annual population growth rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An association between change in health expenditures and health indicators; A cross country comparison

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and purpose: Improved life standards, over the past few decades, had led to an increase in health expenditures. The aim of this article was to compare the trend of health expenditure per capita and its association with health indicators in selected countries. Results: Denmark with health expenditure per capita more than the Netherlands had higher life expectancy at birth and more deaths as a result of alcohol abuse and tobacco smoking. Nigeria's health spending per capita was 2.5 times more than that of Liberia, because it had worse results in all health indicators with high mortality rate due to lower vaccination coverage for malaria, AIDS, and tuberculosis, and at the same time, high costs for the labor force and corruption in health system. Iran with health expenditure per capita less than Turkey had lower total mortality rate of infants and children under 5 years and lower total fertility. Well-organized PHC system and highly qualified professionals in the field of healthcare are among the strengths of the healthcare system in Iran. Conclusion: Increasing trend of health expenditures in selected countries did not have a significant impact on the health indicators trend. Countries must identify and invest on their health priorities to improve population health status.

show abstract

“…The Ig values for the years 1848, 1858, 1868 and 1878 from Hacker (2003); Calculated by the present author: 1880,1890,1900,1910,1920,1930,1940,1950,1960,1970,1980,1990,2000,2006,2010 Coale and Demeny (1983); from 1782 to 1832, estimated using e0 provided by Andersen (1979) taking into account the Regional Model Life Tables "West" by Coale and Demeny (1983); from 1835 to 2008, HMD…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From 1800 to 1830 (only white population) Haines and Steckel (2000); from 1837 to 1877 Hacker (2003); from 1880 to 1890 (only white population) Haines and Steckel (2000); from 1903 to 1932 Chesnais (1992); from 1933 to 2010 HFD.…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical reproductive patterns in developed countries: Aggregate-level perspective

Sánchez-Barricarte¹

2018

DemRes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rethinking the "Early" Decline of Marital Fertility in the United States

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Three Fertility Compromises and Two Transitions

Three Fertility Compromises and Two Transitions

An association between change in health expenditures and health indicators; A cross country comparison

Historical reproductive patterns in developed countries: Aggregate-level perspective

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About