Rethinking retrosplenial cortex: Perspectives and predictions

Alexander, Andrew S.; Place, Ryan; Starrett, Michael J.; Chrastil, Elizabeth R.; Nitz, Douglas A.

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2022.11.006

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 297 publications

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“…This effect is of direct relevance for spatial navigation studies performed during fMRI (i.e.,(Doeller et al, 2010; Kunz et al, 2015; Stangl et al, 2018; Bierbrauer et al, 2020)) where supine BO is unavoidable. Apart from altering navigation behavior, the supine BO may also affect place/grid-cells-related brain activity (i.e., GCLR signals in entorhinal cortex; (Doeller et al, 2010; Jacobs et al, 2013; Nadasdy et al, 2017; Maidenbaum et al, 2018; Moon et al, 2022)) or the activation of other regions involved in spatial navigation such as retrosplenial cortex(Vann et al, 2009; Mitchell et al, 2018; Bierbrauer et al, 2020; Alexander et al, 2023). The influence of physical BO on the experienced BO suggest that a virtual agent (even when it is invisible in Nobody condition) and the participant’s body are functionally linked to each other during virtual navigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-world body orientation impacts virtual navigation experience and performance

Moon

Falco

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Most human navigation studies in MRI rely on virtual navigation. However, the necessary supine position in MRI makes it fundamentally different from daily ecological navigation. Nonetheless, until now, no study has assessed whether differences in physical body orientation (BO) affect participants' experienced BO during virtual navigation. Here, combining an immersive virtual reality (VR) navigation task with subjective BO measures and implicit behavioral measures, we demonstrate that physical BO (either standing or supine) modulated experienced BO. Also, we show that standing upright BO is preferred during spatial navigation: participants were more likely to experience a standing BO and were better at spatial navigation when standing upright. Importantly, we report that showing a supine virtual agent reduces the conflict between the preferred BO and physical supine BO. Our study provides critical, but missing, information regarding experienced BO during virtual navigation, which should be considered cautiously when designing navigation studies, especially in MRI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-world body orientation impacts virtual navigation experience and performance

Moon

Falco

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The physiological function of RSC is mainly focused on spatial navigation, associative learning, and memory formation, and neurons in the RSC can be activated in complex cognitive processes 19,20,51,52 .…”

Section: Functional Implication Of Rsc-acc Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The retrosplenial cortex (RSC), plays important roles in a range of cognitive functions, including spatial navigation, episodic memory, and imagination 19 . It is proposed that RSC neurons may encode long-term memory of sensory, motor, and spatial mapping information 20 . Previous imaging studies suggest that the RSC may also be affected in chronic pain conditions 21,22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supraspinal facilitation of nociception by glutamatergic innervation from the retrosplenial cortex to anterior cingulate cortex

Xue¹,

Hao²,

Chen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is critical for pain perception; while the retrosplenial cortex (RSC) plays an important role in navigation and memory. It is known that RSC projects to ACC, less is known about the function of this projection. Here we used integrative approaches to show that there is direct excitatory glutamatergic projections from the RSC to the ACC, and postsynaptic excitatory responses are mediated by AMPA receptors. Activation of RSC-ACC by optogenetics significantly facilitated behavioral responses to nociceptive stimuli (mechanical and thermal) in freely moving mice. By contrast, spinal nociceptive tail-flick and anxiety-like activities were not affected. Our results suggest that RSC to ACC projection preferentially affects nociceptive process in supraspinal cortical region. Our results have identified a new facilitatory cortico-cortical circuit for sensory nociceptive process, and this pathway serves to link memory ‘engram’ to pain perception in humans and animals.

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“…19 The ACC plays an important role in affective evaluation, memory, and attention; [20][21][22] the MCC is mainly involved in motor control and executive function 23 ; the PCC appears to be more involved in selfreflection and autobiographical memories; 24 and the RSC is mainly involved in sensory, motor, and spatial cognition. 25 Previous studies 26,27 have identified the cingulate gyrus and hippocampus are the most vulnerable regions at the pre-MCI stage (subjective cognitive impairment), and some scholars 28 have suggested that structural and functional abnormalities in these two regions may be the neural basis for the cognitive symptoms of pre-MCI stage. Multiple studies 29,30 have identified hippocampal white matter disruptions and gray matter volume atrophy in T2DM patients without MCI, as well as reduced FC with multiple regions in whole brain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and functional connectivity alteration patterns of the cingulate gyrus in Type 2 diabetes

Zhang,

Huang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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ObjectiveWe aimed to reveal the role of structural and functional alterations of cingulate gyrus in early cognitive impairment in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.MethodsFifty‐six T2DM patients and 60 healthy controls (HCs) underwent a neuropsychological assessment and sagittal three‐dimensional T1‐weighted and resting‐state functional MRI. Differences in the cortical thickness of the cingulate cortex and the functional connectivity (FC) of the nine subregions of the cingulate gyrus and the whole brain were compared between T2DM patients and HCs. Correlation analysis was performed between cortex thickness and FC and the participants' clinical/cognitive variables.ResultsThe cortical thickness of the cingulate gyrus was not significantly different between T2DM patients and HCs. However, the T2DM patients showed significantly lower FC between the pregenual ACC (pACC) and the bilateral hippocampus, significantly higher FC between the pACC and bilateral lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) and left precentral gyrus, and significantly lower FC between the retrosplenial cortex (RSC) and right cerebellar Crus I. The FC between the pACC and the left hippocampus was negatively correlated with the FC between the pACC and LPFC (r = −0.306, p = 0.022).InterpretationThe pACC and the RSC show dysfunctional connectivity before the appearance of structural abnormalities in T2DM patients. Abnormal FC of the pACC with the bilateral hippocampus and LPFC may imply a neural compensatory mechanism for memory function. These findings provide valuable information and new directions for possible interventions for the T2DM‐related cognitive impairment.

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Rethinking retrosplenial cortex: Perspectives and predictions

Cited by 46 publications

References 297 publications

Real-world body orientation impacts virtual navigation experience and performance

Real-world body orientation impacts virtual navigation experience and performance

Supraspinal facilitation of nociception by glutamatergic innervation from the retrosplenial cortex to anterior cingulate cortex

Structural and functional connectivity alteration patterns of the cingulate gyrus in Type 2 diabetes

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