“…Introduced in 2008, MOOCs have seen an exponential growth with steep rise in the number of learner enrolments and partnering universities (Class Central, 2020). Most users undertake MOOCs with a motive of skill acquisition (Yousef et al, 2015), certifications (Reparaz et al, 2020), knowledge enhancement (Ma & Lee, 2019), career progression (Alraimi et al, 2015), professional development (Deng et al, 2019), preference for a specific faculty (Dejoux Lirsa & Charrière-Grillon, 2016), preference for a high-ranking university course (Nemer & O'Neill, 2019) or to fulfill one's curiosity ( Deng et al, 2020). Despite the growing demand MOOCs have encountered few challenges such as high attrition rate (Chen et al, 2018), unethical learner behaviour in assessment (Trehan et al, 2017;Yang & Su, 2017), lack of motivation, and learner engagement (Terras & Ramsay, 2015;Hew & Cheung, 2014;Ma & Lee, 2019), low language proficiency (Zhao et al, 2020), suitable only for self-regulated learners (Albelbisi, 2019), inadequate IT infrastructure (Castillo & Wagner, 2015), lack of industry or academia accreditation (Pundak et al, 2014), and high learner to teacher ratio (Suen, 2014).…”