Resveratrol and Immune Cells: A Link to Improve Human Health

Abstract

The use of polyphenols as adjuvants in lowering risk factors for various debilitating diseases has been investigated in recent years due to their possible antioxidant action. Polyphenols represent a fascinating and relatively new subject of research in nutraceuticals and nutrition, with interest rapidly expanding since they can help maintain health by controlling metabolism, weight, chronic diseases, and cell proliferation. Resveratrol is a phenolic compound found mostly in the pulp, peels, seeds, and stems of red grapes. It has a wide variety of biological actions that can be used to prevent the beginning of various diseases or manage their symptoms. Resveratrol can influence multiple inflammatory and non-inflammatory responses, protecting organs and tissues, thanks to its interaction with immune cells and its activity on SIRT1. This compound has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anticancer, and antiviral properties, making it a potential adjunct to traditional pharmaceutical therapy in public health. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of resveratrol in terms of active biological effects and mechanism of action in modifying the immune cellular response to promote human psychophysical health.

Histological and Chemical Analysis of Heavy Metals in Kidney and Gills of Boops boops: Melanomacrophages Centers and Rodlet Cells as Environmental Biomarkers

“…RCs are peculiar cells, equipped with granules containing serotonin and piscidin [ 81 ], a potent antimicrobial peptide [ 82 , 83 , 84 ]. They act via Toll-like receptor (TLR), a type of evolutionarily conserved receptor [ 40 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 ] activated in response to viruses, bacteria or organic or chemical stress [ 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 ].…”

“…Increased MMC associated with histopathological changes is related to oxidative stress leading to aggregation of immune cells [ 32 ]. In addition, the presence in melanomacrophages of lipofuscin or melanin, natural pigments with an antioxidant function like polyphenols and flavonoids [ 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 ], shows high involvement in the immune response [ 102 ]. A study by Giari et al (2008) showed that RCs increased significantly in number and size in kidney tubules of European sea bass exposed to high concentrations of mercury.…”

Relationship between Immune Cells, Depression, Stress, and Psoriasis: Could the Use of Natural Products Be Helpful?

“…Resveratrol is a polyphenol with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties contained in several foods, especially red wine, which is a key element in the Mediterranean food tradition [ 216 , 217 , 218 , 219 ]. Resveratrol acts by reducing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and inducing apoptosis in keratinocytes via silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog (SIRT1).…”

Benefits and Implications of Resveratrol Supplementation on Microbiota Modulations: A Systematic Review of the Literature

“…However, its properties appear to be conflicting. Its immune functions are dose-dependent: it induces immunosuppression in high doses, while it stimulates the immune system in low doses [ 124 , 125 ]. It intervenes in the immune system by activating macrophages, T cells, and natural killer (Nk) cells with an antioxidant effect, removing reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibiting cyclooxygenases (Cox), and thus activating anti-inflammatory processes.…”