Results of Apple-Tree Breeding for Fruits Biochemical Composition Improvement

Седов, Е Н; Макаркина, М. А.; Serova, Z. M.; Yanchuk, Т. V.

doi:10.30850/vrsn/2019/3/42-47

Cited by 5 publications

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“…According to a number of sources, it follows that the average fructose content in ripe apple fruits ranges from 5.9-12.6 g, glucose -2.43-5.35 g and sucrose -1.90-4.70 g [8][9][10][11]. At the same time, the authors note that the fructose content in seed crops (which also includes apple trees) is 2-3 times higher than the glucose content; the amount of sucrose is most often equal to the glucose content, but as apples mature, the glucose content decreases [12][13][14].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical composition of apple fruits when treated with growth-stimulating agrochemicals

et al. 2023

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The objects of research were the fruits of apple trees of the Golden Reinders variety (rootstock M 9) grown on the basis of experimental plantings Agricultural institute, Science Academy of Abkhazia. Complex organic fertilizers have been selected as agrochemicals Antistress Chelate and Chelate Filling. The research is aimed at finding new, highly efficient and environmentally friendly agrochemicals, and also determines the development of technology for their application. It was found that the Golden Reinders variety in the humid subtropical zone accumulates from 10.6% (under control) to 11.6% (with non-root treatments) of sugars. Treatments with agrochemicals affected the main quantitative patterns in the content of mono- and disaccharides in apple fruits. The amount of fructose ranges from 6.63 g/100 g at the control to 7.52 g/100 g during treatments; glucose accumulates on average only 1.1-1.2 g/100 g, depending on the variant. Sucrose in fruits is 2.4-2.6 times more than glucose, which characterizes the ripening processes in fruits. Agrochemicals treatments have an ambiguous effect on the accumulation of organic acids. So, if there is a significant increase in malic, citric and tartaric acid during processing, then the content of lactic, succinic, oxalic and acetic acid drops. The sugar-acid index averages 13.6 units, there is a slightly acidic taste.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical composition of apple fruits when treated with growth-stimulating agrochemicals

et al. 2023

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“…Для садов интенсивного типа нужны высокорентабельные, адаптированные, скороплодные, урожайные сорта с высокими товарными и потребительскими качествами, дающие максимальную прибыль [10]. В таких садах растут ровные крупные яблоки с хорошим окрасом.…”

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Evaluation of Apple Varieties by Economically Useful Characteristics and Properties

Nozdracheva,

Yeremeyev

2024

Materials of the International Youth Scientific and Practical Conference "FORESTRY-BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SUSTAINABILITY OF

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Apple tree is a common crop in Russia. The fruits contain sugars, vitamins, organic acids, and tannins. Apples can be stored for a long time without loss of taste; they are suitable for eating all year round due to the presence of summer, autumn and winter varieties. In modern conditions, effective gardening is unthinkable without the use of intensive resource-saving technologies and varieties. Intensive garden technology includes a set of interrelated operations, the basis of which is: a variety, certified planting material and technical means for its cultivation. One of the ways to intensify gardening is to use low-growing rootstocks, on which trees form low, low-volume crowns. Intensive gardens most fully realize the productivity potential of fruit trees. To conduct research at CJSC Agrofirma im. 15 years of October" selected apple tree varieties that differ in ripening period: Ligol (control) grafted onto a zoned rootstock B-9 and introduced varieties: Honeycrisp, Ligol Red, Empire, Piros, Gloster, Red Pinova, King Roat and Arnica, grafted onto a clonal rootstock M-9. The garden was planted in 2018 according to a 4x1m tree planting scheme with grassed row spacing The growth and development indicators of apple trees changed depending on the varietal characteristics: the diameter of the trunk, depending on the biological characteristics, varied from 3.5 cm in the King Roat variety to 5.5 cm in the Gloucester and Arnica varieties. The length of annual shoots varied from 30 cm in the King Roat variety to 60 cm in the Red Pinova variety. The minimum crown diameter was observed in the King Roat variety (1.0 m), the maximum in the Ligol (k), Ligol Red, Piros and Gloster varieties and was equal to 1.8 m. The largest leaf blade area was in the Gloster variety, and the smallest in the Gloster variety King Roath. The largest fruit weight is in the Ligol (300g), Ligol Red (265g) and Gloster (265g) varieties, and the smallest in the Arnica Red Pinova and Empire varieties (150-165g). The yield of apple varieties in 2022 ranged from 9.6 t/ha for the King Roat variety to 28.5 t/ha for the Red Pinova variety; the yield in 2023 varied from 28 t/ha for the King Roat variety to 64.9 t/ha for Red Pinova.

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Current trends and prospects of apple breeding (<i>Malus</i> Mill) in Russia: review

Feshchenko

2023

Plodovodstvo i âgodovodstvo Rossii

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In the Russian Federation, 506 varieties of apple trees are approved for use (10 included in 2023) with different periods of consumer ripeness of the fruit. The activities of breeding institutions have made it possible to improve the assortment of apple trees, while it is necessary to obtain new varieties of apple trees with a complex of adaptive traits and commercial and consumer qualities of fruits that ensure stable fruiting, productivity in unstable climatic conditions, as well as a long period of post-harvest storage of fruits; and, accordingly, determining the profitability of using these varieties in production plantings. In accordance with the increasing requirements for varieties, new breeding achievements must surpass previous analogues in a set of valuable breeding traits, which confirms the need to improve breeding programs. The key areas of apple tree selection are increasing winter hardiness, drought resistance, disease resistance, improving the biochemical composition and shelf life of the fruit, and columnar crown shape. Intensification of the selection process is necessary to reduce the time to obtain a new variety and its production development; in connection with this, marker-mediated selection is a promising direction for accelerating the selection process. The review article presents data on the work of scientific institutions where apple tree selection is carried out. The results of many years of work by leading research organizations of the Russian Federation in the field of apple breeding are covered. Data on scientific institutions, depending on their territorial location, are sorted by regions of admission of the State Register of Selection Achievements approved for use. The results of many years of work of leading research organizations, the main directions of apple breeding are covered, data on the use of modern methods for studying breeding material in research institutions are provided, and approaches to the early selection of economically valuable genotypes are presented. The analytical review is supplemented with information on ways to expand the genetic variability of hybrid offspring. The creation of varieties with a high level of adaptability, commercial and consumer characteristics of fruits will contribute to the further improvement of the apple tree assortment in the Russian Federation.

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Results of Apple-Tree Breeding for Fruits Biochemical Composition Improvement

Cited by 5 publications

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Biochemical composition of apple fruits when treated with growth-stimulating agrochemicals

Biochemical composition of apple fruits when treated with growth-stimulating agrochemicals

Evaluation of Apple Varieties by Economically Useful Characteristics and Properties

Current trends and prospects of apple breeding (<i>Malus</i> Mill) in Russia: review

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