Resultados preliminares del efecto del riego deficitario durante el periodo de crecimiento rápido del fruto de pera (var. Triunfo de Viena) en la producción y calidad del fruto

Abstract

Plantulas de tomate.Foto: Álvarez-Herrera.Resultados preliminares del efecto del riego deficitario durante el periodo de crecimiento rápido del fruto de pera (var. Triunfo de Viena) en la producción y calidad del fruto Preliminary results of the effect of deficit irrigation during the rapid growth of the pear fruit on production and quality of Triunfo de Viena variety RESUMENEl objetivo de este trabajo se centró en estudiar la respuesta del peral (var. Triunfo de Viena) al riego deficitario durante la fase de crecimiento rápido del fruto. Para ello, durante la campaña 2011-2012, en una plantación de árboles adultos se aplicaron tres tratamientos de riego localizado. El tratamiento control (T0) se regó al 100% de la ETc durante toda la temporada, el T1 se regó como el control, excepto durante el periodo de crecimiento rápido del fruto, en el que se regó al 67% de la ETc, y el T2 que se regó al 100% de la ETc durante toda la temporada, excepto durante el mismo periodo que el T1 en el que se regó al 55% de la ETc. Los resultados preliminares obtenidos mostraron cómo, a pesar de la necesidad de su confirmación en ensayos posteriores, las condiciones ecuatoriales colombianas pueden permitir ahorros de agua de hasta un 30% durante la fase de rápido crecimiento del fruto, coincidente con el periodo de máxima demanda evaporativa, sin afectar la producción ni las características físicas ni químicas de los frutos.

Effect of Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI) on the Growth and Development of Pear Fruit (Pyrus communis L.), var. Triunfo de Viena

“…As the treatments progressed, the equatorial diameter in the control treatment was greater than in the treatments with RDI for the two years; however, after the resumption of irrigation, the fruits from plants with an application of 60% of the ETc had a compensatory growth and reached the equatorial diameter of the fruits of the control treatment, similar to what was found by Vélez et al [35]. The equatorial diameters measured in 2014 at 154 DAF (7.69, 8.32 and 7.69 cm) were greater than those found in two other studies on pears, with 7.07, 6.93 and 6.83 cm [29] and 6.65, 6.16 and 6.17 cm [31]. Meanwhile, the values found in the present work in 2015 at 186 DAF (7.53, 7.34 and 7.50 cm) were lower when the plants were irrigated with 100, 48 and 27% of the ETc, respectively, which can be attributed to the higher median maximum temperatures in 2014 (21 • C) compared to those of 2015 ( 16• C), and to the higher rainfall (233.44 mm in 2015, 465.4 mm in 2014).…”

“…It was observed that, at the beginning of the water restriction, the fruit growth decreased slightly; however, when irrigation was restored to normal levels, or when rain fell, the growth recovered and the fruits reached the development of those of the control treatment, having accumulated dry weight in a similar way during the periods of water stress. This dry weight gain seems to be available to facilitate the compensatory growth of the fruit after the resumption of irrigation [28][29][30][31][32]. Table 1 shows that, in 2014, the application of 60% of ETc induced the highest percentage of dry weight in fruits, although without statistically significant differences.…”

Comportamiento de la biomasa y de las tasas de crecimiento de dos variedades de lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) en Pachavita, Boyacá

“…Esto demuestra el mayor poder vertedero de la variedad Chonto grueso en términos de materia seca (41). …”