Restraint stress in biobehavioral research: Recent developments

Buynitsky, Tatyana; Mostofsky, David I.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.05.004

Cited by 346 publications

(242 citation statements)

References 131 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

219

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Prolonged restraint is a widely used murine stressor that has been extensively characterized in the literature and is one of the most commonly used murine stressors in biomedical and biobehavioral research 29 , in part because it reliably induces a physiological stress response that results in the elevation of endogenous glucocorticoids. [31][32][33] Because the strong glucocorticoid response can suppress multiple components of the immune response 32,73 , it seemed plausible that stressor-induced suppression of the mucosal immune response led to the observed changes in microbiota community structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prolonged restraint (RST) is a widely used chronic murine stressor that has been extensively characterized in the literature and is the most commonly used murine stressor in biomedical and biobehavioral research. 29 This stressor involves both physical and psychological components. While the physical components are obvious (i.e., physical confinement), the psychological components are more complex and are thought to reflect the animal's perception of burrow collapse and confinement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The structures of the colonic mucosa-associated and luminal microbial communities are distinct and differentially affected by a prolonged murine stressor

Galley

Yu²,

Kumar

et al. 2014

Gut Microbes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The commensal microbiota of the human gastrointestinal tract live in a largely stable community structure, assisting in host physiological and immunological functions. Changes to this structure can be injurious to the health of the host, a concept termed dysbiosis. Psychological stress is a factor that has been implicated in causing dysbiosis, and studies performed by our lab have shown that restraint stress can indeed shift the cecal microbiota structure as well as increase the severity of a colonic infection caused by Citrobacter rodentium. However, this study, like many others, have focused on fecal contents when examining the effect of dysbiosis-causing stimuli (e.g. psychological stress) upon the microbiota. Since the mucosa-associated microbiota have unique properties and functions that can act upon the host, it is important to understand how stressor exposure might affect this niche of bacteria. To begin to understand whether chronic restraint stress changes the mucosa-associated and/or luminal microbiota mice underwent 7 16-hour cycles of restraint stress, and the microbiota of both colonic tissue and fecal contents were analyzed by sequencing using nextgen bacterial tag-encoded FLX amplicon technology (bTEFAP) pyrosequencing. Both control and stress groups had significantly different mucosa-associated and luminal microbiota communities, highlighting the importance of focusing gastrointestinal community structure analysis by microbial niche. Furthermore, restraint stress was able to disrupt both the mucosa-associated and luminally-associated colonic microbiota by shifting the relative abundances of multiple groups of bacteria. Among these changes, there was a significant reduction in the immunomodulatory commensal genus Lactobacillus associated with colonic mucosa. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. was not affected in the lumen. These results indicate that stressor-exposure can have distinct effects upon the colonic microbiota situated at the mucosal epithelium in comparison to the luminal-associated microbiota.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The structures of the colonic mucosa-associated and luminal microbial communities are distinct and differentially affected by a prolonged murine stressor

Galley

Yu²,

Kumar

et al. 2014

Gut Microbes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Restraint is used as one of the standard approaches for inducing experimental stress in laboratory rodents (for review, see Buynitsky and Mostofsky, 2009). The degree of restraint is mostly severe and the procedure usually lasts for several minutes up to some hours or even weeks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No apparent effect of an experimental narrow confinement on heart activity and cortisol in domestic pigs

Jaskulke

Manteuffel

2011

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of continuing spatial restraint were examined in domestic pigs. For this purpose, the animals (German Landrace barrows) were housed individually in metabolic cages (12 animals) and, as controls, in single pens (six animals). In six replications with two experimental animals and one control animal, we collected saliva each morning (0730 h) for the cortisol analysis, recorded the behaviour and the heart beat for 3 h/day (0800 to 0900 h, 1100 to 1200 h, 1400 to 1500 h). Each replication consisted of 5 days of habituation to single housing and 8 experimental days during which the experimental animals lived continuously in the metabolic cages. Weight gain, cortisol, heart rate and heart rate variability were not significantly affected by experimental narrow confinement that only had a significant influence on the behaviours, locomotion and sitting. In conclusion, the experimental animals adapted very fast and did not show physiological indications of chronic stress. However, the absence of apparent stress does not exclude other, subtler, welfare impairments.

show abstract

“…Immobilization stress: Immobilization is a well-validated model to induce stress 10 . In this study, the rats were exposed to 2 h immobilization stress for 21 days in transparent plastic apparatus specially designed for stress induction with air holes for aeration.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Noni Juice on Myelin Components, Neurotransmittory and Behavioural Status in Rats Exposed to Immobilization Stress

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several reports indicate that psychological stress and depression are detrimental to health and that chronic stress implicates pathophysiology of mood and anxiety-related disorders, thus leading to several stressrelated complications. The present study focuses on behavioural status and neurochemical variations in myelin of rat brain exposed to chronic immobilization stress and evaluates the effect of fruit juice of noni over changes in the myelin content of forebrain (FB) and midbrain (MB) regions of rats exposed to stress. Immobilization stress (IS) strategy was utilized to induce stress in Wistar rats. Myelin protein was isolated from the MB and FB regions of rats. Assessment of activities of membrane bound enzymes, levels of neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin and glutamate of FB and MB) and lipid profile of myelin in addition to behavioural analysis were carried out. The membrane-bound enzymes such as ATPases, 5-nucleotidase and acetylcholinesterase exhibit significant decrease in their activities both in the FB and MB regions on stress induction, when compared to that of control. The neurotransmitters and lipid profile also show similar pattern among the experimental group. However, administration of noni juice (NJ) in ISexposed rats can significantly alter the activities of myelin-associated enzymes and levels of neurotransmitters and lipid content of myelin (P < 0.05) along with improvement in the behavioural pattern when compared to those of IS rats. These preliminary results set targets for further authentication of the use of NJ against stress. This NJ could become one of the ideal supplements for management of stress-induced neurological disorders.

show abstract

Restraint stress in biobehavioral research: Recent developments

Cited by 346 publications

References 131 publications

The structures of the colonic mucosa-associated and luminal microbial communities are distinct and differentially affected by a prolonged murine stressor

The structures of the colonic mucosa-associated and luminal microbial communities are distinct and differentially affected by a prolonged murine stressor

No apparent effect of an experimental narrow confinement on heart activity and cortisol in domestic pigs

Impact of Noni Juice on Myelin Components, Neurotransmittory and Behavioural Status in Rats Exposed to Immobilization Stress

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About