Restoration to offset the impacts of developments at a landscape scale reveals opportunities, challenges and tough choices

Budiharta, Sugeng; Meijaard, Erik; Gaveau, David; Struebig, Matthew J.; Wilting, Andreas; Kramer‐Schadt, Stephanie; Niedballa, Jürgen; Raes, Niels; Maron, Martine; Wilson, Kerrie A.

doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2018.07.008

Cited by 43 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…This leaves such decisions largely up to guess work by project proponents, and increases the risk that either insufficient dams will be built and targets will not be reached, or more dams than needed to reach the target will be built and resources will have been ‘needlessly’ squandered. The costs of implementing restoration interventions also varies between forest types and degradation levels (Budiharta et al, ), which may further influence decision making to achieve different conservation goals (Budiharta et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This variability will be critically dependent upon the threat history of the area and conservation and restoration goals of the project in question, which themselves should be expected to evolve over time if adaptive management processes are adopted as recommended (Gardner, ; Lindenmayer et al, ; Sayer et al, ). The varying cost of implementing restoration interventions between forest habitats, together with the varying impact that restoration in these different forest types has in achieving different conservation goals may also influence decision making in any particular area (Budiharta et al, , ). Any conservation or restoration project must therefore be site and goal specific, tailored to the particular challenges and targets associated with the focal area at the time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tropical forest and peatland conservation in Indonesia: Challenges and directions

et al. 2019

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Tropical forests and peatlands provide important ecological, climate and socio‐economic benefits from the local to the global scale. However, these ecosystems and their associated benefits are threatened by anthropogenic activities, including agricultural conversion, timber harvesting, peatland drainage and associated fire. Here, we identify key challenges, and provide potential solutions and future directions to meet forest and peatland conservation and restoration goals in Indonesia, with a particular focus on Kalimantan. Through a round‐table, dual‐language workshop discussion and literature evaluation, we recognized 59 political, economic, legal, social, logistical and research challenges, for which five key underlying factors were identified. These challenges relate to the 3Rs adopted by the Indonesian Peatland Restoration Agency (Rewetting, Revegetation and Revitalization), plus a fourth R that we suggest is essential to incorporate into (peatland) conservation planning: Reducing Fires. Our analysis suggests that (a) all challenges have potential for impact on activities under all 4Rs, and many are inter‐dependent and mutually reinforcing, implying that narrowly focused solutions are likely to carry a higher risk of failure; (b) addressing challenges relating to Rewetting and Reducing Fire is critical for achieving goals in all 4Rs, as is considering the local socio‐political situation and acquiring local government and community support; and (c) the suite of challenges faced, and thus conservation interventions required to address these, will be unique to each project, depending on its goals and prevailing local environmental, social and political conditions. With this in mind, we propose an eight‐step adaptive management framework, which could support projects in both Indonesia and other tropical areas to identify and overcome their specific conservation and restoration challenges. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical forest and peatland conservation in Indonesia: Challenges and directions

et al. 2019

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“…The presence of large mammals in the industrial estate of liquefied natural gas refinery suggests that greater effort is needed for ecological restoration (Budiharta et al 2014;Budiharta et al 2018). Nevertheless, the main weakness if the responsibility of conservation management is given to industry sectors, particularly the conservation of large mammals such as orangutans, proboscis monkeys and gibbons, is the adequacy of area extent to support those animal lives.…”

Section: Analysis Of Relative Abundance Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of forest remnants within industrial area to threatened mammal conservation: A case study in liquefied natural gas industry in Bontang, Indonesia

Sudrajat

Putro

2019

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Sudrajat, Putro MD. 2019. The contribution of forest remnants within industrial area to endemic and threatened mammal conservation: A case study in liquefied natural gas industry in Bontang, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2257-2265. Tropical forests harbor high biodiversity, while natural protected area is one of the approaches for biodiversity conservation. However, the conversion of natural forests for various purposes has caused forest fragmentation. A novel strategy of conservation is proposed in the form of protected area within industrial estate as the contribution of industrial company in biodiversity conservation. The purpose of this study is to document the endemic and threatened species of mammals existing at two forest fragments with extent of 15 ha and 7.4 ha in a natural gas refinery industry area in Bontang, East Kalimantan and their potential as biodiversity conservation areas. Mammals were monitored at the two forest fragments through direct surveys, trace identification, mist nets, and camera traps. The results of the study show that according to IUCN Red List there were 23 mammal species (belonging to 18 genera, 15 families and six orders) of conservation concern found within the forest fragments including one species is under Critically Endangered, two are Endangered, four are Vulnerable, ten are Least Concern, one is Near Threatened and three are Not Evaluated. Four of those species are considered as endemic, namely Bornean orangutan, Pongo pygmaeus morio, Müller’s gibbon, Hylobates muelleri, Proboscis monkey, Nasalis larvatus and East Bornean slow loris, Nycticebus menagensis. These findings suggest that forest fragments located in the environment of industrial estate can be considered as important conservation strategy if they are well preserved and maintained.

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“…Policy objectives for biodiversity offsets and no net loss are typically at the site level (Bull et al, 2013;Burgin, 2008); however, this could lead to the uneven distribution of natural values (Budiharta et al, 2018). While it is generally accepted that biodiversity offsets should be selected at the smallest size at which conservation goals can be met (i.e.…”

Section: Consideration Of Offset Extentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity Offsets Can Be a Valuable Tool in Achieving Sustainable Development Developing a Holistic Model for Biodiversity Offsets That Incorporates Environmental, Social and Economic Aspects of Sustainable Development

Abdo¹,

Kemp²,

Coupland³

et al. 2019

JSD

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The interpretation and use of biodiversity offsets in planning and development is a contentious issue because they rarely encompass each of the environmental, social and economic aspects of sustainable development. While currently agreed best practice for biodiversity offsets includes consideration of scope, scale, location, timing and duration, and monitoring, current literature on these components does not consider all aspects of sustainable development. Furthermore, much of the current agreed best practice focusses on the design of biodiversity offsets, without consideration of ongoing management or end-of-life. This manuscript reviews current best practice for biodiversity offsets, giving consideration to the environmental, social and economic aspects of sustainable development. In particular, we report that consideration of cost and risk is key and the use of planning frameworks, bonds and advanced offsets could mitigate these risks and allow for long-term success. Following this approach, a holistic model for design, implementation and ongoing management of direct biodiversity offsets that balances all aspects of sustainable development is presented.

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Restoration to offset the impacts of developments at a landscape scale reveals opportunities, challenges and tough choices

Abstract: Restoration to offset the impacts of developments at a landscape scale reveals opportunities, challenges and tough choices

Cited by 43 publications

References 94 publications

Tropical forest and peatland conservation in Indonesia: Challenges and directions

Tropical forest and peatland conservation in Indonesia: Challenges and directions

The contribution of forest remnants within industrial area to threatened mammal conservation: A case study in liquefied natural gas industry in Bontang, Indonesia

Biodiversity Offsets Can Be a Valuable Tool in Achieving Sustainable Development Developing a Holistic Model for Biodiversity Offsets That Incorporates Environmental, Social and Economic Aspects of Sustainable Development

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